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Top Ten Car Tyre Tips

2012-01-17T01:47:00.000-08:00

Car tyres don't generally ask too much of you. However, neglecting them can prove expensive and, in some circumstances, dangerous. These ten tips will enhance car tyre life, reduce your spending and perhaps save your life.

1. The wrong car tyre pressure is costly. Running on overinflated tyres accelerates wear and reduces both grip and ride comfort. Underinflated tyres also wear more quickly, and can worsen fuel economy by as much as ten percent. Check your tyre pressures regularly.

2. Cuts in car tyres are obvious. Lumps or bulges may be less so but they tend to indicate damage inside the car tyre's carcass. Check for any such damage while correcting tyre pressures. If in any doubt, avoid the risk of a blowout by having a tyre specialist examine the damage.

3. A spare wheel with a flat tyre is worse than useless. Check the spare tyre pressure regularly, unless you have run flat tyres or an onboard tyre pump and repair kit. Remember that space saver spare tyres generally have speed and distance restrictions.

4. If, at car tyre checking time, you find a stone embedded in a tyre tread, you can lever it out before it causes damage. However, if you find a nail in a tyre, leave it alone. The nail will be temporarily keeping the air in – have a tyre specialist take a look. He may be able to repair the tyre.

5. While using the tyre inflator at a garage, or a tyre pump at home, look after the tyre valve dust caps. They keep dirt and grit away from the delicate valves, and are a line of defence against tyre pressure loss. Always put them back carefully.

6. Potholes can damage more than your car tyres. Hit a large one hard enough and you could be facing a bill for the repair or replacement of one or more wheels. Should you be unlucky enough to encounter a big pothole and suspect damage has occurred, stop and examine the affected wheel(s) and tyre(s).

7. Never straddle a speed bump. Instead, let the wheels on one side of your car pass over the bump. This will prevent damage to your car's tyres, steering and suspension. When negotiating speed bumps and road-width speed pads, slow down or face the cost of repairs.

8. When you're manoeuvering, curb your enthusiasm so you don't kerb your car tyres. Kerb impacts can wreck not only tyres, they can scratch, chip and even dent your car's wheels. Steering misalignment can also result from kerbing.

9. Keep your car in a garage, if you can. Car tyres suffer from prolonged exposure to ultra violet light. This leads to cracking and crazing of the car tyre sidewalls' structure.

10. When the time to buy replacement tyres rolls around, think about replacing all four. Should this be too costly, always have new tyres fitted in pairs. It's accepted that the new tyres should be fitted to the rear wheels.

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Merityre.co.uk are one of the leading UK independent suppliers of car tyres. Why not visit their website for an online tyre quote or contact your nearest fitting centre.

Winter Wisdom. Meeting Bad Weather Car Tyre Challenges

2012-01-17T01:34:00.000-08:00

The usual seasonal symptoms are back again. In the UK, winter presents a series of tough tests for car tyres. As well as your tyres, it is you who are on test – drivers, rather than cars, generally cause accidents. Here are some salient points about winter driving…

Snow and Ice

A mountain climber's crampons, the tracks on a Caterpillar tractor, the toothed drive belt on a snowmobile…certain things are made to grip on snow and ice. Since (with some exceptions) you can't fit such things on your car, you have to cope, using the tyres your car usually wears. There is, however an option. When the temperature drops, your usual tyres will lose flexibility. Winter car tyres are designed to retain their flexibility at lower temperatures, so it makes sense to invest in a set. Motorists are discovering that such car tyres really do offer significantly enhanced grip and control, and using them on a set of (preferably steel) 'winter wheels' will preserve your usual alloy wheels from the ravages of salt and grit.
What are the exceptions? Countries with permafrost can be home to car tyres with studs. In the UK, seriously bad conditions can trigger the use of snow chains. A new item occupies the middle ground. Snow socks are car tyre covers made of a tough, woven material. Easier to fit and quieter than chains, they can be useful when drivers are caught out by unexpected snowfalls. Bear in mind that they will wear out in no time on tarmac.

Rain

When it isn't quite cold enough to snow, rain and sleet present car tyre challenges of their own. Reduced visibility is a foregone conclusion but don't forget that wet weather compromises grip. Your car tyres will move surface water but a wet surface remains relatively slippery. Remember to leave more room between you and the vehicle in front, to allow for increased braking distances.

Flooding

Lots of rain can lead to flooding. Standing water can be dangerous. When your car tyres hit it, you'll feel the steering wheel pulling in response. At worst, your tyres may aquaplane. When the tyres ride on the surface of the water, suspiciously light steering signals radically reduced grip. If you feel this, lift off the throttle and slow down until the grip returns.
If you encounter a flood, remember that negotiating it requires care. Keep to the crown of the road, where the water will be shallower, and look out for the white line. This will help you gauge the depth of the water. While you can trust your tyres, remember that your engine, if it sucks in water, will be wrecked. Keep the engine revs up to help stop the exhaust inhaling water. However, if you are in any doubt whatsoever about the depth of the water, use another route.

Fog

In thick fog, you're bound to suffer loss of visibility. Your car tyres won't suddenly offer greater grip just because you notice that you're hurtling towards the back of stationary truck. So drive as fast as you can see, and no faster. Remember to use your windscreen wipers and washers often in fog; your screen can collect water and grime surprisingly quickly, further reducing visibility.

In winter, the watchword is caution. Even on winter car tyres, grip will be compromised to some extent by bad weather. Should the visibility and grip be truly awful, simply put your feet up by the fire and live to drive another day.

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Merityre.co.uk are one of the leading UK independent suppliers of car tyres. Why not visit their website for an online tyre quote or contact your nearest fitting centre.

The Thin Black Line. Car Tyre Grip is Tread-Dependent

2011-12-21T01:27:00.000-08:00

Here's a sobering thought. Summer or winter, rain or shine, all that lies between you and a short, damaging trip into the scenery is the equivalent of the area of four shoe soles. Yes, every car tyre has a 'contact patch' the amount of its treaded area that touches the road. This area is only the size of an adult's footprint.

Let's say your car weighs one tonne. Nobody weighs half a tonne and the soles of his or her shoes do a pretty good job, expect perhaps on ice or snow. Translated into car tyre terms, the four-sole area has to do much, much more. It's unlikely, for example, that a road car could generate a cornering force of 1g. Under heavy braking, it's quite possible for such a force to be generated. Moreover, the forces generated during acceleration and cornering can be very high. Your car tyres and their contact patches do more than a 'pretty good job'. You don't usually expect your shoes to keep you from slipping in adverse conditions, such as on gritty or diesel-soaked tarmac in extremes of temperature. Your car tyres do this on a regular basis.

Legally, each of your car tyres must have a minimum of 1.6 millimetres of tread across ¾ of the width of the tyre's running surface. Not meeting this requirement can get you three penalty points on your licence, as well as a £2,500 fine…per tyre. So, four balding car tyres equals a lost licence and fines of up to £10,000.

In this context, the law could be called an ass. Why? Because just 1.6 millimetres of tread on a car tyre is cutting things fine when it comes to grip. The Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents (RoSpa) put this to the test. They tried some emergency stops in a typical car on some typical surfaces. On smooth concrete, as some motorway stretches have, the car's barely legal tyres took a distance of 46.6 percent more to stop than an equivalent car with good tyres. Similarly, on hot rolled asphalt, the worn tyres needed 36.8 percent more distance to bring the car to a halt. There's no need to ask why RoSpa recommends a minimum tread depth of 3 millimetres.

This isn't the only scenario where worn car tyres will struggle. Tyres are designed to act like water pumps in wet conditions, they can clear surface water from their contact patches. When this fails to happen properly, the tyre will ride on a thin film of water. If this happens, you'd feel the steering lighten, which is an indicator of what's actually going on. When a car tyre is unable to cut through road water fast enough, it will aquaplane. Aquaplaning equals significantly reduced grip, as you might find out when you attempt to steer or brake.

Whilst it may seem to make sense to get the very most out of the treads on your car tyres, there is such a thing as false economy. Your car tyres have wear indicators, moulded into the treads. Take a look at them and, if the treads no longer stand proud of the tread wear indicators, it's new tyre time. Running your tyres down to the legal minimum could cost you far more than you think.

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Merityre.co.uk are one of the leading UK independent suppliers of car tyres. Why not visit their website for an online tyre quote or contact your nearest fitting centre.

For Your Tyre Treads' Sake. Wheel Alignment

2011-12-21T01:21:00.000-08:00

Wheel alignment? Surely your car's wheels are in line all the time? In fact, they aren't necessarily. Speed bumps, kerbing, speed pads and general wear and tear on a car's suspension and steering can put the wheels out of alignment. Misalignment may be felt as pulling to one side or another, and/or strange steering. In the longer term, your car tyres will suffer – bad wheel alignment can radically reduce tyre life.

So, how do you fix poor wheel alignment, thus making your car steer and brake better, as well as achieving maximum car tyre life? The good news is that car manufacturers provide a means of adjusting wheel alignment. The not so bad news is that you can't correct poor alignment yourself.

Cue a visit to your local friendly tyre man. Good tyre bays (and garages) have the equipment to check and adjust wheel alignment. All you have to do is watch (or not, depending on your preference) and pay for the work. Then, drive away secure in the knowledge that your car is shipshape in the wheel alignment department.

What happens in a wheel alignment session? Generally, three things are checked, and adjusted as necessary. The first check establishes that the car tyres are vertical, as viewed from the front or rear. Sometimes, the tyres may not be truly vertical. Some cars' tyres sit at a slight angle from the perpendicular. This is the camber angle, which can be adjusted to meet the car maker's specification.

The second check involves another angle, the castor angle. Does your car run on castors? Technically, yes, the castor angle permits the wheels and tyres to return to straight ahead when the car is rolling with no steering input. As you know, your front wheels turn from side to side in response to your turning the steering wheel. No matter how the wheels and tyres pivot, a line drawn through the centre of the axis on which they pivot won't be vertical. The line has to lean backwards slightly and if it doesn't, the steering will feel very odd. Again, this can be cured by adjustment.

The last check is on a figure called the 'toe'. All car suspension has a small degree of flexibility built into it. So, if the car tyres are parallel at rest, the drag between them and the road as the car moves would cause this flexibility to allow the wheels to splay very slightly. You wouldn't see this but your tyres would soon tell you all about it, by wearing out the inner edges of their treads. So, the wheels are usually set to 'toe-in', so they run parallel. If the tyres toe out, if the toe-in is too much or if the toe angle varies from side to side, the car tyres will wear out prematurely. Curing this is again a matter of adjustment.

Wheel alignment used to be checked with a special gauge that used a mirror and lens system. Nowadays, it's common for car tyre bays and garages to measure the angles involved using laser equipment. Yes, accurate measurement is necessary. In some instances, worn suspension or steering components mean that a problem can't be adjusted away. Then, the tyre man in question will tell you what needs repairing or replacing for accurate alignment to be achieved. It's also the case, especially on a car with independent rear suspension, for the rear wheels and tyres to be misaligned. Once again, adjustment is usually possible.

Is it possible to stop your car's wheels becoming misaligned and making the tyres suffer? In a word, yes. Don't kerb your car tyres. Avoid potholes and traverse speed pads carefully. Above all, always negotiate speed bumps with the tyres on one side of your car. Straddling speed bumps is a major cause of both wheel misalignment and tyre carcass damage. You have been warned!

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Merityre.co.uk are one of the leading UK independent suppliers of car tyres. Why not visit their website for an online tyre quote or contact your nearest fitting centre.

A Bit on the Sidewall – What Car Tyre Markings Mean

2011-11-07T04:52:00.000-08:00

All car tyres have them but not everyone knows what the markings moulded in a tyre's sidewall means. At the very least, it is necessary on many cars to check the sidewall as the tyre pressure to be used can relate to the tyre size. However, this little trip through the meaning of the markings will inform, especially when the time to buy new tyres arrives.

Here, we can use a theoretical, typical car tyre. Let's say it's marked 185/55R13 91 H. Confused already? Don't be, things will become perfectly clear! Take the tyre markings one by one….

185 – This is the width of the tyre’s section in millimetres, i.e. the width of the carcass of the tyre, not its tread's width. 185 millimetres is a little over seven and a quarter inches.

55 – This figure refers to the tyre’s aspect ratio, which is the height of the tyre height expressed as a percentage of its width. 55 is a low-ish profile but aspect ratios can go as low as 30%. Low profile car tyres grip well and deform little but the cost is reduced ride comfort and poor protection against potholes, kerbs and road debris.
R – This couldn't be simpler. Here, R means radial.
13 – This number refers to the diameter of wheel the tyre will fit. Why this is expressed in inches rather than millimetres isn't clear but it is standard practice.
91 – This is the tyre load index, a code for the maximum load capacity of the tyre when driven at its maximum rated speed. The figure 91 means a rating of 615 kilograms.
H – This final marking shows the tyre’s speed rating. This H rating means the tyre can cope with extended use at a maximum speed of 130 miles per hour (210 kilometres per hour). The highest possible speed rating is Z. Car tyres thus marked are capable of maintaining 150 mph (240 kph).
There are numerous other markings on a car tyre's sidewall, some of which are for the tyre fitter's information. For example, if the tyre has a specific direction of rotation, there will be an arrow. A 'TWI' marking denotes where the tread wear indicator(s) are moulded into the tyre's tread. A coloured dot will show the tyre fitter where the tyre casing should sit on the wheel in relation to the valve. There will also be ECE (not EEC) type approval markings, possibly special construction markings, such as M&S (Mud and Snow), and a maximum pressure marking.
One marking that could be of interest to you is the DOT code. The last four numbers in this show the tyre’s date of manufacture. Four-digit codes began after 2003 so if your new car tyre has the code 2 5 0 9, it was made in the 30th week of 2009. Tyres over 6 years old must never be used.
All very interesting but do these markings matter to you? Apart from the aforementioned tyre size vs. tyre pressure element, the speed and load ratings are extremely important. Why? Because at best, using under-specified tyres is illegal and can invalidate your car insurance. At worst, the wrong kind of tyre can fail and cause a potentially lethal accident at high speed.

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Merityre.co.uk are one of the leading UK independent suppliers of car tyres. Why not visit their website for an online tyre quote or contact your nearest fitting centre.

Winter of Discontent…Beat it with Winter Tyres

2011-11-07T04:46:00.000-08:00

Last night's frost warning was a harbinger of the approach of winter. Here in the UK, we should be used to harsh conditions. However, give us an inch (of snow) and the miles aren't covered…the country tends to come to a grinding halt. Is there a solution? Well, the increasingly popular winter car tyres may help.

This begs a question: are winter tyres genuinely useful or are they just a way of extracting more money from we motorists? Let's see.

Recommended in Andorra, Italy, Norway and Switzerland, winter tyres are compulsory in Austria, Germany and Sweden and mandatory in Finland. These rules naturally apply on snow-covered roads and/or during the snow season. Often, there is the distinction that the tyres must be marked 'M&S' (no, not Marks and Spencer, the marking stands for 'Mud and Snow'.) Newer snow tyres may have a symbol of a snowflake in front of a mountain. Currently, the distinction between winter and snow tyres is a touch unclear. A good tyre bay will advise you of the exact designation and specification.

In fact, specification is what winter tyres are all about. Car tyres in general are made in much the same way but the rubber compounds used and the tread patterns vary. Winter tyres are made with a high silica content. The probable tread pattern has two tricks up its sleeve. One is a more aggressive tread pattern than 'summer' car tyres. This is present to enhance grip.

The winter car tyre tread's second line of defence involves a winter tyre key word, flexibility. When ordinary tyres have to work in temperatures below 7 degrees centigrade, they stiffen up in the cold conditions. In winter tyres, the compound and tread pattern both improve flexibility.

The benefit of winter tyres is that they give better grip in cold conditions, in rain as well as when snow and ice are about. There are plenty of subjective reports concerning car tyres and most of those concerning winter tyres are favourable. In some cases, cars found to be pretty hopeless in snow are transformed!

Are winter tyres the car tyres for all seasons? Their name offers a huge clue here. Summer tyres will outperform winter ones on dry roads and in reasonable temperatures, and winter tyres, having a softer compound, will naturally wear faster. This suggests following the lead of many continental drivers. They have two sets of tyres, one for winter, one for summer.

This brings us, in turn, to a potentially superior arrangement, which is also popular on the continent and in some cases is a legal requirement. Generally speaking, car tyres can handle most road conditions. However, in the depths of winter, the environment down at road level can be especially harsh. Car tyres may be able to cope with the salt and grit that gives some winter grip but our alloy wheels can suffer. Many popular cars have base models that wear steel wheels. One solution is to have a set of winter tyres on these. A set of steel wheels, with winter tyres, balanced and ready to roll can be fitted when the thermometer starts to plummet. With these 'winter wheels' fitted, your car can take on whatever the season has to throw at it, while your pristine summer wheels can live in cool, dark storage, ready for Spring. Bear in mind that suitable wheel nuts/bolts will have to be factored into the equation.

What's the bottom line? Assuming you need to use your car in the off season, winter car tyres are worth the investment.

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Merityre.co.uk are one of the leading UK independent suppliers of car tyres. Why not visit their website for an online tyre quote or contact your nearest fitting centre.

Car Tyre Casualties: Sobering Statistics

2011-10-13T03:40:00.000-07:00

'There are lies, damned lies and statistics.' Mark Twain claimed Benjamin Disraeli said this in the 19th Century. True, some say that statistics can be misleading but they can also be sobering, to say the least. Take, for example, this figure, released in September by the Department for Transport. Apparently, illegal, defective and underinflated car tyres caused over 1,210 road casualties in Great Britain during 2010. Over the last five years, 164 motorists have died as a result of having defective car tyres, 18 of those deaths occurring in 2010, according to the Road Casualties in Great Britain report.

What can be done about this? Well, October is Tyre Safety Month. Not for profit organisation TyreSafe was established in 2006 and is now one of the UK's leading tyre safety organisations. As its chairman Stuart Jackson says, “The latest figures are truly shocking and emphasise why we need ongoing action, education and awareness about tyre safety issues.”

TyreSafe is working hard to ensure that we are informed about the importance of looking after ourselves and the safety of others by looking after our car tyres. As part of Tyre Safety Month, drivers will be given a free tyre safety check. Where? Hundreds of tyre dealers and garages are taking part, so try your local ones.

There are also a number of online resources, to show you how to carry out critical car tyre safety checks quickly and easily. An enlightening online video, of a car being driven on ice, demonstrates the benefits of winter tyres.

Stuart Jackson continues, "If all drivers took just a few minutes every month to check their tyre pressures, condition and tread depth, we could help prevent this needless injury and loss of life. Our website contains some really simple guides to help drivers understand what to look for."

Tyre Safety Month is as much about education as awareness. The abovementioned website has material that will leave you fully informed about your car tyres and safety. You can learn about checking your tyres' tread depth and ensuring they contain the correct tyre pressure. There are also TyreSafe's 'Magnificent 7 Car Tyre Safety Tips'.

As we all know, the tail end of the summer season heralds the onset of poorer weather. We should also bear in mind that the need for car tyre safety monitoring will continue ad infinitum…it won't go away when November blusters its way in. In the short term, you can take a look at the TyreSafe web site. In the longer term, you may want to consider investing in a set of winter tyres. Or you could reflect on the wisdom of looking after the tyres you already have, keeping them in prime condition and being aware of the need to replace then as and when necessary.

The bottom line is this. As has been said time and time again, your car tyres are all that are ultimately keeping you on the road. Assuming you have no desire to become a statistic, neglect them at your peril. Why not take a look at keeping your tyres safe– it might just be a life-saving bit of browsing.

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Merityre.co.uk are one of the leading UK independent suppliers of car tyres. Why not visit their website for an online tyre quote or contact your nearest fitting centre.

The Car Tyre Deal Of The Decade?

2011-10-13T03:35:00.000-07:00

In these grim financial times, making a good deal is practically compulsory. Here is news of a deal which can save your car tyres, save you money and perhaps even save your life. That this can be done with the aid of just twenty pence may seem too good to be true. That you needn't actually spend the twenty pence is downright unbelievable. Or is it…?

The law relating to car tyres in the UK couldn't be clearer. Your tyres must have a minimum of 1.6 millimetres of tread all round the central three quarters of their circumference. If they have less than this, you are breaking the law. That you are also in greater danger of being involved in an accident should be taken as red. Perhaps it isn't but, as money talks, let's look at what else breaking the law can cost you.

If you have less than the abovementioned amount of tread on your car tyres, you are risking a fine of up to £2,500, and three penalty points on your driving licence. This applies not to all of your tyres but to each individual illegal tyre. Apart from the obvious cost, there would be a less evident one. Insurance companies don't like lawbreakers. There are no prizes for guessing where your insurance company will hit you when you tell them about your brush with the authorities.

How can you avoid such unfortunate outcomes for twenty pence? It just so happens that TyreSafe, the organisation running Tyre Safety Month, has come up with a neat and simple test. Have you got a twenty pence piece? Take a look at it. You'll see that there is a broad rim around the edge on each side of the coin. If you were to put the edge of the coin into one of your car tyre's treads, you shouldn't be able to see the coin's outer rim. If you can't see it, your tread depth is fine. If, on the other hand, if you can see the outer rim, the tread depth is questionable; you need your car tyres looked at by a pro.

In this instance, you probably have a readily available, simple tyre tread depth gauge in your pocket. Though it's a coin of the realm, there is no need to spend it…and your car tyres' fitness for their purpose will have been verified.

There is a further use for twenty pence, though you have to spend it this time. Getting up close and personal with your tyres may not be the most alluring task but neglecting it can have dire consequences. Most garage tyre pressure machines will give time enough to check all four tyres – and probably the spare – for a mere twenty pence. Get into the habit of checking your car's tyre pressures once a month, and before each long journey. You never know, you might be lucky enough to come across a free air supply.

So, thanks to TyreSafe for reminding us that our tyres need nurturing. Remember that although October is Tyre Safety Month, the need to look after your car tyres is ongoing.

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Merityre.co.uk are one of the leading UK independent suppliers of car tyres. Why not visit their website for an online tyre quote or contact your nearest fitting centre.

Inside A Car Tyre

2011-09-14T01:34:00.000-07:00

Many people take their car tyres for granted, but there's far more to them than meets the eye. Knowing how they are made will illustrate this point.

How is a car tyre made? Production starts with a halobutyl rubber sheet that has special air-retaining additives. This sheet forms the tyre's inner liner. A three-layer body ply comes next, in which a central layer of reinforcing fabric is sandwiched between two layers of rubber. Cotton used to be the material of choice for the reinforcing fabric but this has been replaced with Nylon, Rayon, polyester or even Kevlar. The body ply's role is to give the tyre strength and flexibility; two such plies may be used in a tyre.

The acceptable faces of the tyre, the sidewalls, include antiozonants and antioxidants to enhance their life. The sidewalls can resist chemical attack and abrasion, and the tyre's ratings and size codes are moulded into them.

Of course, the tyre's sidewalls need to form a seal on the wheel rim. Bands of high tensile steel wire, copper or brass coated for corrosion resistance, form the beads on the inner diameter of the sidewalls. The triangular rubber section that joins the beads to the sidewalls is called the apex. The bead structure is what forms an airtight seal with the wheel rim.

Now for the tread and its underlying structure. The belt package is the part of the tyre that sits inside the tread. It's made up of two layers of rubber that enclose a layer of steel cords. These cords run radially in the belt package, hence the term 'radial tyres'. The belt package is a major player in the tyre's strength. The tread pattern is visible but the rubber compound used to make it is just as important. The choice of compound is a matter of a selecting a balance, between hardness (wear) and (grip). Think 'compromise'.

These are the parts of a tyre and they must obviously be assembled and made into a tough, resilient structure. This procedure begins with wrapping the inner liner, body ply(s), sidewalls and beads around a special drum. Then, the belt package and tread are added, and the various elements are spliced together. At this stage the tyre is yet to be cured, and is known as a 'green' tyre. In this state, it is inflated and shaped.

Curing comes next, to bond the various parts of the tyre into a coherent whole. A rubber bladder is inflated inside the tyre, forcing it into a mould. Hot water, steam or an inert gas is used to inflate this bladder, and the curing process involves a great deal of heat and pressure…350 degrees Fahrenheit and 350 pounds per square inch to be precise. The curing process takes about 15 minutes.

The final stage is to test the cured tyre on a mock road surface, to seek out localized inflexibility and significant imbalances. Every tyre is given a visual inspection and sometimes, an X-ray inspection too.

So, car tyres are built tough to be tough, which they must be to take on the tough job they do. As they are all that keep your car on the road, it's reassuring to know how much effort and care go into making them.

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Merityre.co.uk are one of the leading UK independent suppliers of car tyres. Why not visit their website for an online tyre quote or contact your nearest fitting centre.

Top Tyre Tech: Facts About Formula One Car Tyres

2011-09-14T01:30:00.000-07:00

Formula One teams spend vast amounts on research and development. They spend on aerodynamics, on construction with composite materials, and on wringing the maximum amount of power from their engines. We must, however, remember that in Formula One, tyres remain the largest single performance variable.

So, car tyres are car tyres, right? Not quite; road car and racing car tyres are distant relatives at best. Road car tyres are made to last, typically for a life of 16,000 kilometres or more. Formula One car tyres are made to last 200 kilometres at most, but they are made to be both light and strong. Their internal nylon and polyester structure, with its complicated weave pattern, is designed to handle much greater forces than a road car tyre faces. Let's put it this way, no road car is likely to generate a tonne of downforce, or 5g of longitudinal load…or 4g lateral loadings.

F1 car tyres' soft rubber mix is there to offer maximum grip, at the cost of a limited life. The tyres wear very quickly. They also become very hot but this is meant to happen – cold race tyres offer little grip. By way of example, the dry grooved tyres used until recently were designed to run at between 90 and 100 degrees Centigrade. Look carefully at the TV footage and you'll see the cars' tyres, pre-race, clad in special coverings, which are electrically heated. The need for heat explains why Formula One cars can be seen weaving from side to side on the way to the starting grid. The drivers are perfectly sober and they aren't playing – they're just warming their tyres.

Slick tyres, those with no tread at all, offer maximum grip. However, it was decided in 1998 that slicks be outlawed. Grooved tyres were made de rigeur, to help improve F1 racing as a spectator sport by reducing cornering speeds. This made life difficult for the tyre makers. The rules specified that all tyres had to have four continuous grooves at least 2.5 millimetres deep, spaced 50 millimetres apart. So, tyre manufacturers had to adopt harder rubber compounds, to maintain tyre integrity. By the 2009 season, slick tyres came back. The FIA, Formula One's governing body, decided to use limits on F1 car aerodynamics as a means of keeping cornering speeds down.

How 'soft' or 'hard' the rubber compounds in F1 car tyres are, is varied by race, according to each track's characteristics. For each Grand Prix race weekend, teams choose from two different compounds, and every driver must use both during the race. What makes the difference in the hardness of the different specifications? A change in the proportions of ingredients added to the rubber mix. Of these ingredients, the three main ones are sulphur, carbon and oil. In general, more oil equals a softer tyre compound.

Formula One car tyres are obviously run at the appropriate pressures. However, air pressure isn't quite the right term. F1 car tyres are inflated with more nitrogen gas than air. This gas and air mixture is less susceptible to pressure loss and minimises the pressure differences that come about through temperature changes.

As will have become clear by now, there are huge differences between road car tyres and Formula One car tyres. They may share basic characteristics but the common denominators between them are certainly low on the scale.

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Merityre.co.uk are one of the leading UK independent suppliers of car tyres. Why not visit their website for an online tyre quote or contact your nearest fitting centre.

Worst Case Scenario – How To Cope With a Blowout

2011-08-11T04:00:00.000-07:00

'Blowout'. It's a funny word. Unarguably a noun, it means…

1a. A sudden rupture or bursting, as of car tyre.
1b. The hole made by such a rupture.
2. A sudden escape of a confined gas or liquid, as from a well.
3. Slang A large party or other social affair.
4. Informal A lopsided victory or thorough defeat.

Here, we are concerned with part 1a of the definition. Blowouts are less common than they used to be but the usual suspects cause them. These are under inflation, overloading, impact damage, structural damage or a big puncture.

You'll notice that these factors have one thing in common. All cause or lead to a sudden loss of air pressure in the car tyre. The common denominator in any blowout is that it happens suddenly. The cause matters in that by taking care of your tyres means you can often avoid the risk of a blowout. Here, 'taking care' means keeping your tyres correctly inflated, and inspecting them frequently to look for cuts, bulges and other significant damage. Remember that a careful inspection should follow any known or suspected impact, such as with a kerb, road debris or a pothole.

Should the worst happen and one of your car tyres deflates quickly, your response can make the difference between a safe, controlled stop and a one-way trip into a ditch or worse.

Picture the scene. You're driving along, minding your own business. Suddenly, you hear a tyre letting go. BANG…hiss…flap…flap…flap! Your natural reaction will probably be to hit the brakes and try to wrestle with the steering wheel, which will be suddenly pulling to one side. WRONG!…and it makes no difference whether your driving a sports coupe or a big luxury car. Your natural reaction is…well, natural but it can be very dangerous.

The trick is to first of all follow the well-known advice of Corporal Jones in 'Dad's Army'. Instead of panicking, briefly dab the accelerator, or at least don't lift off it. Maintaining the car's momentum will let you keep in the lane in which you were travelling when the blowout happened. You'll have to apply counter steering to fight the car's natural tendency to veer off line but you'll find that you can still follow a reasonably straight track and keep the car stable. Then, gently ease off the accelerator and let the car slow down gently.

At this point, it's a great idea to activate your car's hazard lights. Your car should still be under control but you'll have to stop pretty soon and the hazards will tell other drivers that not all is well. Ignore the noise and debris emanating from your wrecked car tyre. You can then pull over to the side of the road as soon as you find a safe place to stop. Under the circumstances, it's OK to drive on for a short distance; the failed car tyre will be history anyway.

Finally, it's no good heaving a sigh of relief at having survived a blowout, only to be killed by a passing truck while trying to replace the wrecked car tyre. Never attempt to change a tyre on a busy road. Call out your breakdown provider if you can't reach a safe, quiet place to fit the spare wheel.

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Merityre.co.uk are one of the leading UK independent suppliers of car tyres. Why not visit their website for an online tyre quote or contact your nearest fitting centre.

Under Pressure: UK Motorists' Shortcomings Revealed

2011-08-11T03:43:00.000-07:00

According to research carried out in May 2011 it's official. What's official? That we don't all maintain our car tyres properly and this is proving costly in more ways than one. For their study, statisticians checked out 2,700 car tyres across the UK and uncovered some disturbing statistics.

The study showed that more than two thirds of cars in the UK are being driven with tyre pressures at least 3 psi below the manufacturer's recommendation. According the study, the average amount of under inflation is 5.75psi, a staggering 18 per cent below the recommended figure. It is estimated that UK motorists are wasting £993 million on additional fuel to compensate for the drag caused by under inflated car tyres. Under inflation can also cause poor braking and handling, and can lead to tread damage and even blowouts. The study also found that nearly ten per cent of cars had a difference of 10 psi or more between tyres on the the same axle. If you've ever driven a car with such a prssure mismatch, you'll know how unstable it felt.
Over inflation of car tyres also reared its ugly head. The study revealed that one in seven cars are tottering around with at least one tyre that has 3 psi or more pressure in it than the manufacturer recommends. This can quickly cause irregular tread wear and may lead to bulging of the tyre's sidewalls.
The car tyre that's usually out of sight and therefore out of mind was also found to be lacking, specifically in terms of air pressure. On average, the spare tyre was under inflated by a whopping 18 psi, 44 per cent lower than the recommended average pressure of 44 psi. So, many a driver needing to use the spare tyre could be in for a nasty shock. Fitting the spare wheel and carrying on regardless on a soft tyre may not be grounds for an immediate accident but it remains potentially disastrous. It's worth noting that space saver spare tyres generally have to be inflated to a much higher pressure. This, probably up to 60 psi, is almost twice the pressure used in a conventional car tyre.
Should a car tyre prove incapable of holding its pressure, this could be down to a puncture or slow leak at the valve. Such problems are usually cheaply and easily fixed at a good tyre bay. For those concerned about the pressure in their spare tyre, there's the option of having it inflated with nitrogen. The molecules in nitrogen are both bigger and drier than those in normal compressed air, so the tyre will maintain its correct pressure for longer.
So, in among these sobering statistics, is there an encouraging figure? In short, is anybody getting it right? There is but it hardly makes for any degree of self-congratulation. According to the study, there are motorists driving around with all four car tyres inflated to the recommended pressure. However, haloes are thin on the ground…only four per cent of the motorists surveyed could boast that they were travelling on correctly inflated tyres.

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Merityre.co.uk are one of the leading UK independent suppliers of car tyres. Why not visit their website for an online tyre quote or contact your nearest fitting centre.

High Flyers on Car Tyres: More Star Cars

2011-07-15T02:16:00.000-07:00

There are a great many movie star cars but some are rather less well known than others. All have put tyres to tarmac on screen and many still do off screen. Here are three star cars that perhaps aren't quite as familiar as some of their competitors.

Our first contender is the car that never was, in production terms at least. The Toyota 2000GT attracted a lot of attention when it first appeared in 1967. At the time, Japanese motor manufacturers were known for producing practical (i.e. boring) and derivative models. When 'Road and Track' magazine tested the 2000GT, it was described as, "One of the most exciting and enjoyable cars we've driven." It was also favourably compared with Porsche's 911. So, where have you seen a Toyota 2000GT on screen, spinning its tyres as competently as all the rest? You saw one in 'You Only Live Twice'. This white convertible was driven by James Bond's girlfriend Aki (Akiko Wakabayashi), with Sean Connery in the passenger seat. Why was it the car that never was? The Toyota 2000GT was a coupe that was too low for the 6ft 2 in tall Connery to fit into comfortably. Yamaha – who built the car – tried making a targa-top version but Bond's head still protruded far above the windscreen, giving a rather ridiculous look. So, just two 'convertibles' were built especially for the film. Look very closely and you'll see that the car's folded 'hood' is nothing more than an upholstered hump.

Sticking with Bond film trickery, can a car really become a submarine? In 1977, 'The Spy Who Loved Me' would have had us believe one could. The Lotus Esprit S1 concerned tucked its tyres into its wheel arches (which magically filled themselves in), sprouted hydroplanes and apparently went diving. In reality, there was a real roadgoing Lotus Esprit S1, and a heavily modified body shell for underwater use. This shell was fired off a jetty using a compressed air cannon. The underwater mock-up was able to drop 'depth charges' but it had no real submarine abilities and no engine. Perhaps appropriate in a movie in which the villain was named 'Stromberg' – also the name of a kind of carburettor!

In the same year, 'The Car' was burning tyres and rendering audiences awestruck. The possessed star car in this average schlock-horror shocker (also known as DeathMobile) was based on a 1970-ish Lincoln Continental Mk III. In fact, four cars were built, two being destroyed during filming. The main stunt car featured a 460 cubic inch V8 engine, a roll over bar, heavy-duty suspension and amber-tinted glass. A locked 4.11 to 1 differential allowed for easier tyre spinning. The fourth and last car was based on a late 1970s Ford Thunderbird. It was loosely assembled, to be shot over a cliff for the final scene. The shop behind all this heavy metal was Barris Kustoms in North Hollywood. Barris was also responsible for building the original Batmobile, The Munster's Koach and the Green Hornet car, 'Black Beauty'. The 1977 invoice for 'The Car' shows it cost '$84,000.'

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Merityre.co.uk are one of the leading UK independent suppliers of car tyres. Why not visit their website for an online tyre quote or contact your nearest fitting centre.

Car Tyres In Law: Your Legal Obligations

2011-07-15T02:06:00.000-07:00

What hurts more, being fined for using illegal car tyres or paying out so your car tyres are legal and safe? In practice, the latter cancels out the former. However, it pays to know what the law requires of you in relation to your car's tyres. Here is a breakdown of the legal necessities as regards car tyres.

Driving on worn or damaged tyres can attract a fine (or an MOT failure) and it can also place you firmly in breach of your car insurance policy's conditions. Both these events matter but something else you may be doing is of far greater importance. Never forget that using tyres that are of the wrong type, are damaged or are worn endangers lives.

Important Points

What makes a car tyre poor? Several aspects can put a tyre in this category but there are important factors you need to consider…

Car tyres must not have any lumps, bumps or tears caused by separation or partial structural failure.

They must not have a cut or tear longer than 25 millimetres, or longer than 10 per cent of the width of the tyre's section (whichever is the greater). No such damage may be sufficiently deep as to reach the tyre's internal cords.

No part of the tyre's internal plies or cords may be exposed.

Any tyre must be compatible with the type of tyres fitted to the other wheels

Any tyre, on a car or trailer, must be fit for purpose and free from any defect that might endanger any person or damage the road.

Legal Tyre Maintenance

All car tyres have to be correctly inflated, to the car maker's and tyre manufacturer's recommendations. It is acknowledged that under certain circumstances, 'run-flat' tyres may be used in an uninflated or partially inflated state.

How Much Tread?

The legal minimum tread depth requirement for a car tyre is, 'at least 1.6mm throughout a continuous band in the centre 3/4 of the tread and around the entire circumference.' This tread depth must not fall below the legal minimum and the original tread pattern must be visible.

Must I Carry a Spare?

In law, you aren't obliged to carry a spare tyre and nor need one meet legal requirements when it is stored in or under the car. However, if a spare tyre is used, it must comply with all the above legal requirements.

The Penalties

Now for the bottom line. What will illegal tyres cost you? Read on, carefully…

If you use a vehicle with one or more defective or illegal tyres, a police officer can issue a Fixed Penalty Notice (a Conditional Offer Notice in Scotland).

At his or her discretion, a police officer may decide not to issue a Fixed Penalty Notice but may report the case for prosecution.

Both the car's driver and its owner (if he or she is not the same person) are liable. One or both may be issued a summons.

A court can impose fines up to a maximum of £2,500, and three penalty points. This relates to a car; the financial penalty for a goods vehicle or for one built or modified to carry more than eight passengers can be double this amount.

If a car has more than one defective tyre, a summons can be issued for each illegal tyre.

Under certain circumstances, disqualification becomes possible.

Sobering reading? Certainly, but this is probably less punitive than the physical costs of a car accident caused by an illegal tyre.

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Merityre.co.uk are one of the leading UK independent suppliers of car tyres. Why not visit their website for an online tyre quote or contact your nearest fitting centre.

It's Quicker By Tube: Car Exhaust System Pointers

2011-06-14T06:51:00.000-07:00

A car exhaust system usually has one important characteristic. The fact that it is capable of keeping poisonous gases safely away from the car's passengers? No. The fact that it can reduce a loud, raucous noise to a tasteful refined humming? No. The fact that it's catalytic converter can trap harmful particles and noxious gases, therefore keeping the environment cleaner? No, it's none of these. The important point is that most people only pay attention to their car's exhaust system when it goes wrong.

Sadly, the notion of the everlasting car exhaust is a mere pipedream. Looking at what a car exhaust has to put up with on a daily basis soon tells us why. Have you ever seen the flames belching from a top fuel dragster with open exhausts? Your car would do the same if it had nothing but open pipes. So from a cold start, a car exhaust system has to cope with temperatures up to about 1400 degrees Fahrenheit (760 degrees Centigrade) at full load. This happens at the exhaust manifold, under the bonnet but the increasing requirement to run engines with a weak (or lean) fuel mixture leads to an increase in car exhaust temperature. For example, if the car has a turbocharger, this can be required to run at 1050 degrees Centigrade (1922 degrees Fahrenheit). Just to give you an idea what this means, 49 degrees Centigrade will burn your skin; your blood would boil at 101 degrees.

Heat isn't all that a car exhaust has to handle repeatedly. The materials that pass through an exhaust system include nitromethane, nitric acid vapour, hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide, particulate matter (i.e. soot and smoke), and volatile organic compounds. Many of these elements are corrosive and the presence of water as a by-product of burning petrol in the engine doesn't make life any easier for the metal of the car exhaust.

So, your car exhaust has to cope with a lot. Is this all? In a word, no. Apart from the heating and cooling cycles and the toxic contents it must deal with, a car exhaust has to cope with mechanical stresses and strains on every journey. A car exhaust is a weighty structure that, at one end, has to deal with an engine that moves about on its flexible mountings. At the other end, the exhaust has to remain fairly still, especially when its tail pipes exit through the car's rear panel. Then there are the demands of speed bumps, potholes and the like. The car exhaust, suspended on flexible mountings over its whole length, has to remain intact under what can be enormous transmitted forces.

The above, which is not overly detailed, constitutes a tall order by anybody's standards. In many respects, it is remarkable that a car exhaust will last for any length of time in the face of the demands placed on it every day. The encouraging news is that a car exhaust can usually be replaced quite quickly, at a good exhaust fitting centre.

Unsurprisingly, you can't do a great deal to give your car exhaust an easier life. You can try to ensure any journey you make is long enough to make the car exhaust hot, which will burn out damaging internal water. You can give the exhaust system a rinse when washing the car, to get rid of corrosive salt. Above all, listen to your exhaust, it'll soon let you know when it's past its use by date. Finally, remember that the 'cat' – the catalytic converter – will need replacing at least once during your car's lifespan.

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Merityre.co.uk are one of the leading UK independent suppliers of car tyres. Why not visit their website for an online tyre quote or contact your nearest fitting centre.

Car Tyre Tips From Drive & Survive

2011-06-08T07:29:00.000-07:00

The Insitute of Advanced Motorists' Drive and Survive is billed as a leading occupational driver risk management provider. The IAM is itself a leading road safety charity which has the sole aim of improving road safety for everyone. This week's motoring tips, from IAM Drive and Survive's head of training, Simon Elstow, involve car tyres.
Simon recommends regularly checking your car tyres, not least because the portion of each that is keeping you on the road is only the size of a footprint. Even though a car has four contact patches of this size available for use, it is important to be certain that the tyres are working optimally.
An under inflated tyre, Simon points out, will wear far more quickly than one at the correct pressure. Industry experts claim that a 20 percent reduction in pressure can rob a car tyre of up to 30 percent of its useable life. Moreover, ensuring that your tyres are inflated according to the recommendations in the car's handbook can reduce fuel consumption by up to five percent, as compared to the cost in fuel of under inflation.
Simon Elstow also says, “Check tyre pressures when the tyres are cold, at least once a month – and weekly is far better. And don’t be tempted to over-inflate them. This causes poor vehicle handling, reduced stability during braking and cornering, and reduced grip.”
IAM Drive & Survive also recommends checking your car tyres for evidence of wear and damage. Picking up a nail while driving doesn't necessarily mean the tyre is fit only for the scrapheap. Often, a puncture of this kind can be professionally repaired. However, damage caused to a car tyre's sidewalls or its carcass is often a death sentence for the tyre. This is reason enough to drive carefully, avoiding potholes and kerbs. It is also a good reason for carefully inspecting your car tyres. Cuts, lumps and bulges can be a dead giveaway of further, hidden damage. It's better to find out about such damage at pressure-checking time with the car at rest, than it is to suffer tyre failure at speed on a motorway.
The 'tyre-kickers' of this world are best advised to be accurate when checking tyre pressures. Why, for example, do the tyres need to be checked when cold? Because tyre pressure increases with temperature so if the tyres are warm, the pressure readings will be falsely high. So when the tyres cool down, they wind up under inflated.
Is the tyre pressure gauge at your favourite garage accurate? Generally, garage gauges are accurate but it pays to invest in your own gauge too. Why? Because under inflated tyres aren't always easy to spot, unless the pressure in them is way too low. The two minutes it takes to check tyre pressures at home can tell if you'll need to put coins in the garage's tyre machine. What's more, with your own pressure gauge, there's no longer the need to wonder if that at the garage is accurate. Just check it against your trusted pressure gauge.

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Merityre.co.uk are one of the leading UK independent suppliers of car tyres. Why not visit their website for an online tyre quote or contact your nearest fitting centre.

Ten Car Tyre Tips

2011-02-02T07:23:00.000-08:00

Your car's tyres are literally your lifeline; they are essentially all that is keeping you on the road. Neglect them at your peril. The following 10 tips will certainly save you money and they could well save your life, and the lives of innocent bystanders.

1. Check your car tyre pressures regularly. Running tyres at too low or too high pressure causes wear and speeds the deterioration of your tyres. Moreover, too low a tyre pressure means you will use more fuel; economy can improve by 10 percent when the tyre pressures are correct.

2. Regularly check your car tyres for cuts, bulges or lumps. While the former is obvious, visible damage, the latter can indicate unseen damage within the tyre carcasses. Having a specialist check out any suspect tyres makes far more sense than risking a blowout.

3. Unless you have one of the modern onboard repair kits with a pump, always carry your spare wheel. Remember that there are limits to the speed at which space saver spare tyres can be used, and the distance they can cover.

4. Potholes are car tyre killers, they can damage not only your tyres but even your wheels. You inadvertently strike a pothole and suspect damage has occurred, check the relevant wheel and tyre as soon as you possibly can.

5. If, when checking out tyres, you find a sharp stone embedded in a tread, remove it before it does any damage. However, if you spot a nail, leave it there as pulling it out will cause the tyre to deflate. A car tyre specialist will deal with it for you and may be able to repair the tyre.

6. When checking tyre pressures, remember to replace the valves' dust caps. These prevent dirt and debris from entering the valves and can help maintain tyre pressure.

7. If possible, keep your car in a garage. Car tyres are tough but exposure to all weathers can accelerate their deterioration. Sunlight damage is common; the ultra violet component in the sun's rays can cause cracking and crazing.

8. When negotiating speed bumps, never straddle them. Allowing the wheels on one side of the car to pass over the bumps is no faster but it will keep your suspension and steering happier. When you encounter a speed pad running across the entire width of the road, go over it slowly.

9. When the time to replace car tyres comes, it's best to replace all four. Should this not be affordable, you must replace two of the tyres. Having the new tyres on the back wheels is regarded as the safest.

10. Car tyre specialists don't just sell and fit tyres. A good specialist will be happy to advise you on the best choice of tyres for your car and for the use to which you put it.

Following these simple tips means you tyres will reward you with good performance and a long service life. Conversely, ignoring your tyres can lead to unfortunate and possibly dangerous circumstances.

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

Stop and Swap: Changing A Flat Tyre In Five Steps

2010-12-29T03:23:00.000-08:00

Changing a car wheel with a flat tyre is a relatively easy task that can be done safely, provided you follow the rules. Here’s how it can be done in five basic steps, with a few tips to maintain safe progress and make life easier.

1: Stop in a safe place, with a smooth, firm surface

Never, ever try to change a car tyre and wheel on the hard shoulder, it’s better to drive on slowly and risk ruining the tyre. Switch on the car’s hazard lights and have any passengers stand well back and away from passing traffic. Extract the spare wheel and tools from the boot, using the warning triangle if there is one. Switch on the car’s hazard warning lights.

2: Loosen the wheel nuts/bolts

Put the handbrake on, putting the car in ‘park’ if it’s automatic. Remove the relevant wheel trim or the wheel nut/bolt caps, if present. You’ll need the special ‘key’ nut to remove a locking wheel fastening. Next, loosen the wheel nuts/bolts. These usually undo anticlockwise and you should always be pushing down on the wheel wrench, not pulling upwards.

3: Jack the car up

Put a chock under the wheel diagonally opposite to the one with the flat tyre. Place the car jack under the jacking point nearest the loosened wheel – never try to use the jack anywhere else. Wind or pump up the jack until there’s enough clearance under the wheel to allow for the replacement fully inflated tyre to fit. Don’t allow any part of you get between the car and the ground.

4: Change the wheel

Turn the wheel until one of the fastenings is at the top. Remove the other three (or four) nuts/bolts first. Then unscrew the topmost fastening. Lift the wheel off, keeping your back straight and taking care not to slip. Fit the spare wheel, aligning the fastenings. Replace the topmost nut/bolt first, followed by the remaining ones. Tighten the fastenings until the wheel is fully seated on the hub.

5: Tighten the wheel nuts/bolts

Let the jack down completely and set it aside. You can now tighten the wheel fastenings firmly, working in a diagonal pattern.

You can no go on your way but there is one more step, for which you’ll need to go to a car tyre bay. Car wheel fastenings should be tightened properly and a tyre bay will use a special wrench to do this. While at the tyre bay, it makes sense to have the flat tyre repaired or replaced as necessary.

It’s also worth making some preparations before you experience a puncture; these can make life much easier. Changing a wheel is a grimy job so carrying some industrial gloves and a mat or piece of carpet in the car can make life much more pleasant. You may also want to familiarise yourself with the wheel changing equipment. Is it accessible? Is it all there? Is the jack there? Does it need lubricating? Better to find out before the event.

Finally, have you got a space saver spare? These usually have limitations concerning speed and distance. Also, space savers can cause dashboard warning lamps to come on, because they confuse the car’s sensors. Your handbook will warn you if this is going to happen.

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

Fascinating Facts About Car Tyres

2010-12-21T08:49:00.000-08:00

Car tyres. We tend to take them for granted and, though they aren’t fit and forget items, we tend not to invest too much time in looking after them. Provided we regularly check their pressure and physical state, car tyres generally get on with their job, quietly and efficiently. However, the following facts might open your eyes, about car tyres in general and about particular aspects concerning them.

Imagine fifty-five pence. That shiny heptagonal coin and its small circular counterpart are capital. However, the idea that you are throwing this much away with every gallon of fuel you use is a less than capital idea. Yet, running your car tyres at less than the recommended pressure can cost you 10 percent in terms of fuel economy. As under inflated tyres are harder to move along the road; they give the engine more work to do and this means more fuel is burned.

The law is an ass, said Mr. Bumble, in Charles Dickens’ ‘Oliver Twist’. He wasn’t talking about car tyres but the principle nevertheless applies. The law says that your car tyres must have no less than 1.6 millimetres of tread. Legal? Yes. Sensible? That’s arguable. A mere 1.6 millimetres of tread is generally accepted as cutting things fine. Tyre manufacturers mould two millimetre-deep tread wear indicators into tyres, with good reason. It’s arguably better to comply with the spirit of the law here rather than the letter, as the consequences of an uncontrollable skid in wet conditions cost a great deal more than new tyres.

What makes car tyres grip the road? The different types of tyre – all weather, winter, mud and snow, all terrain and performance – share common elements. The hardness or otherwise of the rubber in them and the tread pattern they have make a major difference in terms of grip, tyre life, on-road behaviour and longevity. In general though, it is the hardness (or softness) of the tyres’ compound and the water-clearing abilities of the tread that make the most difference to the level of grip given.

There’s nothing better than a new set of car tyres, is there? Some have found out to their cost that brand new tyres aren’t necessarily as grippy as their predecessors. The good news is that this relatively lessened grip doesn’t last long. If car tyres weren’t coated in an anti-stick compound during manufacture, they’d never leave the mould. This coating has to wear away before full grip is achieved. So run your new tyres in, driving more carefully for the first 500 miles or so. This is particularly important in wet conditions.

More than 40 million car tyres. That’s a lot of rubber but it is the number of tyres that are disposed of every year. Following EU directives means that comparatively few tyres go into landfill these days. Some are treated to new treads, minced tyres become carpet underlay and some wind up as part of new road surfaces. Plans are in progress to recover energy from old car tyres; they could replace coal in some industries.

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

Beating Winter: Car Tyre Tactics For Bad Weather

2010-12-02T06:07:00.000-08:00

It’s that time of year again. The days are short, the nights are long, precipitation is up and the mercury’s dropping. Your car’s tyres may be nearly new but there are limits to what they can do. So here are a few tips to help preserve life and limb even in the worst conditions.

There are no such things as magic tyres, despite some people’s believing that their car tyres have prestidigitatory properties. In fog, for example, your tyres won’t stop you instantly, just because you haven’t seen the line of cars up ahead in time. Equally, your tyres can’t suddenly give you enhanced grip because you need to swerve around a similar obstacle. Drive only as fast as you can see.

Rain is another condition that requires caution. Standing water in particular can be extremely dangerous. Car tyres can dispose of surprisingly large amounts of surface water. However, when there’s too much to shift, they ride on the water surface instead. This is aquaplaning; in short, it equals no grip. Drive only as fast as your tyres will allow.

Floods are an altogether different matter. Hitting a large body of water standing a third of the way across a road at speed might give you vicious steering pull but you’ll get through if you allow for this. In deep water, your car tyres will cope admirably but your car might not. Many cars nowadays have a low-mounted air intake. If this inhales water, the engine will be wrecked. Don’t enter floodwater unless you’re certain of its depth. Keep to the crown of the road where the water will be shallowest. Keep the engine revving, to prevent water entering the exhaust and drive slowly – you have a car, not a boat. If in any doubt at all, find another route.

Snow and ice and car tyres don’t always mix. Winter tyres are a boon and it’s worth considering acquiring a set, especially if you live somewhere that experiences these conditions regularly. The usual, all-round car tyres can’t get a grip on ice and snow, even if they’re gracing a 4X4. When conditions are really bad, you may need to consider some additional hardware. ‘Snow socks’ are a new idea. These tough, woven tyre covers are easy to fit, quiet and grippy. However, they don’t last long on tarmac. The alternative is snow chains; not so easy to fit but far tougher, if noisy.

Above all, winter driving requires caution. Grip is always compromised to some extent and if you try to drive normally, losing control becomes a very real possibility. Remember also that your vision is likely to be compromised as well. Remove snow or ice from your car’s glass before moving an inch and always think about stopping distances. Modern electronic aids, such as traction control and anti-lock braking systems help but they’re no more magic than car tyres are. Should the worst come to the worst, and vision and grip both come under the general heading of appalling, you don’t have a choice. Stay at home!

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

Baywatch: What Makes A Good Car Tyre Bay?

2010-11-20T05:39:00.000-08:00

We’ve all driven past them. Tyre bays might offer the best prices, two car tyres for the price of one, special deals on four-tyre sets and all manner of other tempting offers. This is, of course, just advertising and, as Joseph E Levine said, “You can fool all the people all the time if the advertising is right and the budget is big enough.” Now, it’s true that car tyres are often a distress purchase but even so, knowing what makes is good tyre bay is knowledge worth having.

So, what makes a good tyre bay? The answer is a two-word one: products and services. Here, it is not only the range of products and services but their quality that matters. Here’s what to look for in your car tyre-buying expeditions.

It’s obvious that a tyre bay is there to sell you car tyres. What you need to know first is whether the tyre bay is going to sell you new tyres. If you can, take a look at the stock on the shelves – you’re looking for the DOT codes. If this has three digits, walk away – four-digit codes came in after the year 2000. The way to read a four-digit code is easy to understand. The first two figures represent a particular week in the year denoted by the last two figures. So, a tyre marked 5009 was made very near the end of 2009. Car tyres have a six-year shelf life – and you can always check the tyres’ age before they’re fitted.

Speaking of tyre fitting, tyre bays have this down to a fine art. Given that car wheels and tyres live in a grimy environment, some grubbiness is acceptable even in a good tyre bay. However, untidiness should be frowned upon. If the tool cabinets are well organised, they’re liable to be well equipped. Similarly, tidy floors and a lack of overflowing bins and dead tyres underfoot denote an efficient workshop.

Wheel alignment is a service offered by many tyre bays. The days of the old Dunlop optical alignment gauge, effective though it was, are long gone. If you see computerised, four-wheel geometry wheel alignment, maybe with the involvement of measurement using lasers, you can rest assured that you’re in a good tyre bay. Remember that poor wheel alignment is a car-tyre eater.

Much the same goes for wheel balancing, which is an essential part of tyre fitting. On unbalanced tyre/wheel combinations, car tyres work less well and wear out faster. In the (very) old days, a balancing kit that involved sitting a wheel and tyre on top of a milk bottle was touted. Computerised wheel balancing is the norm nowadays – accept nothing less.

Many tyre bays are no longer transfixed, work-wise. Putting the tyre fitting and wheel balancing machinery into a van, along with an air compressor, equals mobile tyre fitting. You may take advantage of this service and some tyre bays offer a ‘call and inspect’ service, particularly for car fleet operators.

While there are other services offered by tyre bays, such as air-conditioning checks, the above suggest that a tyre bay offering these goods and services is up-to-date as well as on the ball. This in turn suggests that one very important element of tyre supply and fitment will be available and reliable. Never forget that the staff in a good tyre bay can advise you about choosing the best car tyres for your needs.

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

Protection Racket: Locking Wheel Nuts Keep Car Tyres Safe

2010-10-30T09:57:00.000-07:00

There are certain, indisputable facts in life. One is that car tyres – and car wheels – are expensive. Consequently, the, er, light-fingered among us have been known to lift our wheels and tyres, by first lifting our cars on to a convenient pile of bricks. In the relatively recent past, car alarms have become smart enough to detect when a car is being jacked up and they can tell everyone in the vicinity all about it. This is ‘active security’, which is a subject in itself. In this article, we’ll look at an example of ‘passive security’.

Passive security needs no power source: it is a barrier rather than a whistle-blower. All it need do is be there to be effective. Sometimes, passive security devices are evidently present. However, devices that mechanically prevent car wheels – and car tyres – from being stolen, tend not to shout about it. The thieving fraternity knows what locking wheel nuts or bolts are about and it’s rare for a vehicle to lack them nowadays.

How, then, do these devices work? Their operation really couldn’t be simpler. If you attach your car wheels to your car’s hubs with four or five nuts or bolts apiece, and those nuts or bolts have a hexagon head, the danger is obvious. Replace one fastening per wheel with a fastener that needs a key of some sort to permit it to be removed and the solution is present and evident. Your wheels and your car tyres are as safe as they can be made.

The obvious question that arises is about the key itself. This, rather than being a key as such, is usually an adaptor, which allows a wheel nut/bolt spanner to be used to remove the special fastening it fits. So, what to do with the key, or adaptor? Most people keep it in the boot, or perhaps in the car’s glove box. This means your car tyres and wheels are protected by the car’s alarm. This could be worse, of course, and what is relevant is that you never know when a car tyre needs to be changed. The only watchword exists when you have to leave your car unattended for a while, say in an airport car park. Having seen a BMW on bricks and wearing no wheels, I can safely suggest that if the wheel key had been in Spain or France with the car’s owner, the wheels and tyres would probably have been present when the car’s owner returned.

The locking of car wheels and tyres has been refined to the extent that corrosion and wheel balancing problems are a thing of the past. There are some cheap sets of locking wheel nuts/bolts on the market; these can fail even when used properly, so avoid them. Nevertheless, another question arises: what happens if you’ve lost the key to an unarguably tough locking wheel nut or bolt? One person on the Internet resorted to using a power hacksaw to dismantle the offending wheel and tyre. However, radical resection isn’t really necessary. Car tyre fitters have generally encountered this problem before, and keep a range of tools, at least one specifically designed for this task.

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

More Star Cars - Movie Flyers, On Tyres

2010-08-29T07:31:00.000-07:00

The star cars that make some movies memorable often start life as completely standard vehicles. They rarely stay that way and they always attract a following. So let us follow in the tyre tracks of some Hollywood luminaries.

Our first diva was in fact six cars, of which four still exist. In many respects it was ahead of its time; by the end of the first movie in which it appeared, it was running on rubbish. This early green machine, Doc Emmet Brown’s time-travelling car was a DeLorean DMC12 and it first burst on to our movie screens in 1985. A trilogy of movies and many years later, Christopher Lloyd (Doc Brown) is 71, and Michael J. Fox (Marty McFly) is 49, has Parkinson's disease and an honorary doctorate from the Karolinska Instituet. Of the four DeLoreans remaining, two are studio tour stars at Universal, one lives on the ceiling of Planet Hollywood in Honolulu - and the last one is being restored. Some of the cars that John Z. Delorean made still set tyres to tarmac, and some among their number have attained a degree of immortality.

'So cool it hurt' is an epithet that applied to the late Steve McQueen, and his handling of the 1968 Ford Mustang GT390 Fastback he used in 'Bullitt' did his reputation no harm at all.

During the seven-minute, tyre-burning chase sequence with the baddies' Dodge Charger R/T440, McQueen did most of the driving and there was no camera trickery. Both the Mustangs used were given tuning tweaks so they could keep up with the more powerful Magnum Chargers, and one of each was given beefed-up suspension and a full roll cage.

All that drifting car tyre smoke was real, as was much of the San Francisco traffic. One thing, however, was a later addition. The full-blast V8 engine sounds came from an example of the GT40, Ford's four-times Le Mans winning racing car.

Now for a quirky one. What has massive tyres, ten carburettors with gold plated intake pipes, and a huge, Ford Cobra motor? Need more clues? How about Jahns high-domed pistons and an Iskendarian camshaft? Still too techy? Ok then.

Customizer George Barris built the idiosyncratic vehicle in question. It was based on a lengthened 1923 Model T ford chassis and had a custom body. Still struggling? Alright, here are some names. The car was featured in a 1960s TV comedy starring Fred Gwynne, Yvonne De Carlo; Al Lewis played Grandpa. Those who are thinking of Clive Dunn at this stage can go to dunce's corner right now. However, the names Herman and Lily might ring some bells. Yes, it's the Munster’s Koach.

This unique car toured the 'States extensively in the 1970s, and pre-tour, George 'Batmobile' Barris gave it a new paint job. The car now rests in peace, in the 'Cars of the Stars' museum, in Keswick, Cumbria.

Finally, a vehicle with just 114 horsepower from its 4.9-litre, six-cylinder engine is hardly likely to set tyres or tarmac alight, especially with its three-speed automatic transmission. However, the very same vehicle had its charm and made us laugh, even if it was slow. The film 'Dumb and Dumber' featured this 1984 Ford Econoline van, complete with floppy, furry ears, a lolling tongue and a full fur coat. Jim Carrey and Jeff Daniels' 'Mutt Cuts' van didn't stay long but the movie wouldn't have been the same without it!

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

Car Tyre Clearance: Making Sure Your Wheels Measure Up

2010-08-21T06:55:00.000-07:00

There’s nothing in the rule book that says you must keep the wheels your car had on when it arrived. Many people change their wheels, for a variety of reasons. Some want a different style of wheels, some want wider wheels and most want alloy wheels. A change of wheels usually means a change of car tyres. That is no problem in itself but there is a trap into which a lot of people have fallen with a resounding clatter.

The thing is, any car wheel will accept one or more different sizes of car tyre. There is, however, more to car wheels than just rim diameter and width. Ignore the other measurements or get them wrong and disaster looms. In short, you can find there’s a clash between your car tyres and its bodywork. This can happen with steering or suspension movement and often, it happens just the once, immedately before the tyre and bodywork wreck one another.

The first measurment is Pitch Circle Diameter, or PCD for short. This is nothing to do with car tyre to bodywork clearance but if you get this wrong, the wheels won’t fit. The PCD is the diameter of a circle drawn through the centre of your wheel mountings, be they studs or bolts. The wheels obviously need the right number of stud or bolt holes but you also need to ensure that the wheel nuts or bolts have the right thread and profile for your car’s hubs, and that they are correct for use with the wheels you’re using.

Now for the easy ones: rim width and diameter. You could go for the standard measurements here. However, many people want bigger wheels and low profile tyres. Fair enough – just ask the wheel supplier, who you can always blame if something doesn’t fit. It’s also important to make sure that the wheels can accommodate your brakes. Big wheels and low profile tyres were invented, in part at least, to allow for bigger brakes to be crammed in. These days, clearances are close and it’s problematic if your wheels and disc calipers rub each other. This makes only one difference to the car tyres: they won’t work too well if the wheels can’t rotate.

So, we come to the tricky one, the knotty problem of wheel offset. This is most easily understood with a little bit of theory. Imagine a car wheel sawn in half across its diameter. If you were to draw a line through the centre of the wheel rim, and this line was to coincide with the wheel’s hub mounting face, the wheel offset would be zero. If, as is common, the hub face lies outboard of the centre line, the wheel has positive offset. Conversely, if the hub face lies inboard of the centreline, the offset is negative. The degree of offset, apart from altering wheel clearance, has a profound effect on the behaviour of your car tyres.

Visually, positive offset places the car tyre further under the car’s wheelarch. Negative offset makes the tyre carcass sit further outboard. In either case, provided you don’t choose a seriously large figure in relation to what is standard, the car tyres won’t cause difficuties. That said, there is a danger in choosing too radical an offset, as this figure (usually expressed in millimetres) affects steering. You could find that your steering has becomes mysteriously heavy. Worse still, you could find it’s become over-light, to the extent that straight line driving becomes a thing of the past.

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

Car Tyres Teasers - Important Facts You May Not Know

2010-07-31T03:21:00.000-07:00

‘We’re on your side.’ This sounds like the tag line in an advertisement but here it refers to the codes on a car tyre’s sidewall. Most of us know the obvious ones like those referring to wheel diameter and tyre section. There are, however, many other pieces of vital information to be found, moulded into the sidewall. Let’s consider some of the more important ones.

Did you know that some car tyres have a marked rating that indicates how well they handle heat build up? If you see a mysterious “A” on a tyre, it has the highest rating. A “C” denotes the lowest.

The traction rating shows how well a tyre can stop you on a wet road. This rating goes from “AA” to “CC”. No prizes for guessing which is the best.

Now for some numbers. Tread wear ratings go from 60 to 600 in increments of 20 and the figure shows how long the tyre is expected to last. In theory, a tyre marked “200″ should last twice as long as one marked “100″. This is, however, a relative rating. The actual tyre life will depend on many factors, including your driving style, the road surfaces encountered, correct wheel alignment and the right tyre pressure. Think ‘benchmark.’

The speed rating a tyre carries is extremely important. Using over-specified tyres is a (very expensive) upside here; tyres for high-speed use can be used at lower speeds. On the other hand, if the speed rating is too low and you have an accident, your insurance company may take a dim view of the tyres your car was wearing at the time. Speed ratings run from “L” (75 mph) to “Z” (150 + mph). Currently, H-rated tyres (130 mph) hold the largest percentage of new tyre sales.

So much for speed, what about load? Yes, car tyres tell you about the load they are capable of carrying, They have a marked load index (LI), which is valid for sub-130 mph speeds. Load indices range from 50 (190 Kg) to 169 (5,800 Kg) but the calculations are a touch complex. Let’s say you have a car that weighs 2 tonnes, or 2,000Kg. Divide this by four to get the weight on each wheel; this equals 500Kg. So far so good, but, do you know that all four wheels carry 500Kg or is one end of the car heavier than the other? In practice, it’s usual to add a percentage to cover such factors.

In our example, then, the car needs tyres with a load index of 84. We can add 20 percent, giving a weight bearing capacity of 600Kg. Therefore tyres with a load index of 90 will do very nicely. In reality, a car tyre’s load rating will exceed its actual needs by a long way. However, when speeds reach 130 mph or more, the load index calculations change dramatically. For reasons far to technical to explain here, the theoretical load rating decreases as road speed rises. In the event you run a very, very fast and heavy car where the speed cameras don’t work, there are experts in such matters. Find one!

Lastly, you should never use a tyre more than 6 years old. The date of manufacture is part of the DOT code marked on one sidewall. For example, a tyre marked “2709″ was made in the 27th week of 2009.

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

A Matter Of Choice - Selecting The Optimum Car Tyres

2010-07-24T06:54:00.000-07:00

Car tyres are car tyres, right? Well, they’re all round, black things that go between your wheels and the road. However, choosing the right tyres for your car and, equally important, for your needs is imperative. Here are some pointers to help you make the right choice.

The Right Type of Tyre

There are five distinct tyre types you can choose from and it isn’t always a case of one tyre type for one car; the choice is also about usability.

Standard car tyres, otherwise known as all-season tyres, are the least specialised. They are suitable for year-round use, in wet or dry conditions. In some respects, run flat tyres lie in this arena. Run flat tyres can do exactly what their title suggests; you may continue using them, albeit at a given maximum speed over a specified mileage, even after a puncture.

The third variety of car tyres differs in the conditions to which they’re suited. Winter tyres can handle colder conditions better than standard tyres and they generally have a tread pattern with larger blocks in a more open pattern, for better grip. Our fourth tyre type is also based on the conditions to be encountered, specifically in terms of terrain, rather than climate. All-terrain tyres can cope with mud, sand and gravel and are often found on 4×4 vehicles used off the road. However, the additional grip in adverse conditions has a cost. All-terrain tyres are noisy when used on ordinary tarmac roads.

Lastly in this quintet, performance tyres are for performance cars. As well as offering superior grip in wet or dry conditions, performance car tyres usually have a higher speed rating.

The Right Tyre Size

When it comes to car tyres, it is anything but a matter of one size fits all. The manufacturer’s recommended fitment may be found in your car’s handbook and if in doubt, you could always have replacement tyres like the existing ones. However, small changes in tyre section and width can be accommodated, often beneficially. The staff of a good car tyre retailer will be happy to recommend the best tyres for you.

The Right Tyres for your Driving Needs

While remaining within the manufacturer’s specified parameters, you can ring the changes by using car tyres that suit your driving style and/or particular needs. You may need economy tyres for better mileage from your gallon. Certain tyre types are particularly quiet in use and therefore better for motorway use. Similarly, some tyres are well suited to stop/start motoring. As mentioned above, you’d be well advised to consult the tyre retailer.

The Right Price

The price of car tyres varies considerably but here, commonsense must play an important role. You can’t for example, have economy tyres fitted to a high-performance sports car and expect good results, not to mention longevity. Conversely, there’s little point in having high specification tyres fitted to a car that covers a small yearly mileage. However, if you use your car daily, economy tyres could represent false economy; budget tyres may not last as long as better quality items.

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

Top Tips For Pampering Your Tyres

2010-07-16T06:11:00.000-07:00

Car tyres are tough, which is fortunate, as they have to be tough to survive. That said, there are ways that your tyres can be given an easier life. Using them can save you money in the long run.

Pressure salesmanship

Running car tyres at the wrong pressure is a surefire way of shortening their life. Underinflated tyres flex more, which causes them to run hot, which makes them pensionable long before their time. Underinflation wears out tyre shoulders, and the lack of air pressure makes them less able to defend your wheels from assaults by speed bumps and potholes.

As car tyre pressure reduces, rolling resistance increases. Meaning? Soft tyres take more fuel to push along. Simples, as that meerkat says.

In its way, overinflation is just as bad. Tyres running on tiptoe sacrifice grip and ride comfort. Overblown tyres also wear out the centre of their treads. Paradoxically, over inflation doesn’t enhance the tyres impact resisting abilities.

A weekly tyre pressure check is hardly onerous. Buy a good pressure gauge and find a forecourt that isn’t so cheeky as to charge for air. You’ll find information about the correct tyre pressures in your car’s handbook and probably on a sticker on one of the car’s door pillars.

A question of balance

When checking your car tyre pressures, you may notice little metal blocks attached to your wheel rims. These are balance weights; they’re there for a reason. Anyone who’s driven a car with a lost balance weight will tell you what the results feel like. A seriously unbalanced wheel will put the integrity of the fillings in your teeth at risk. Equally, anything more than minimal braking will make you wonder why the ABS has deployed, making the brake pedal vibrate like the firing pedal of an ack ack gun.

In practice, even a mildly unbalanced combination of car tyre and wheel will be costly. The increased level of vibration puts stress on several components. The tyres itself will wear faster. The need for the suspension joints to cope with additional strain will cause them to wear. Perhaps more noticeably, you’ll feel the strain too; tyre imbalance increases driver fatigue.

Toeing the line

Wear and tear can put a car’s wheels out of alignment. Misalignment makes cars suffer, and not only in an obvious way. Car tyres like to run straight and if they can’t, they object by wearing out faster. Too much toe-in (cross-eyed wheels) makes the tyres’ outer shoulders wear, and toe-out (diverging wheels) makes the inner edges wear. Apart from being costly, this affects steering sharpness and braking.

Having your wheels aligned and balanced when necessary is a lifesaver for your tyres. Moreover, it is far cheaper than new tyres and possibly a suspension and steering overhaul.

Lastly, drive sympathetically, or you’ll burn out your tyres in no time. Make a point of inspecting your tyres regularly and remember that ten yards running flat will kill a tyre. Your tyres look after you; if you look after them, they’ll continue returning the favour.

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

Strategies For Saving - Cut Car Tyre (And Other) Costs

2010-06-23T02:40:00.000-07:00

In these dark times, we must all tighten our belts, as well as having them tightened for us by the powers-that-be in Whitehall. It therefore makes sense to do what we can to save on our motoring costs, from saving fuel to making our car tyres last as long as possible. Here are a few hints to deter the wolf from ringing your doorbell too frequently.

Turning fuel into forward motion is a conversion of energy, from potential to kinetic. Maintaining as much of the former while benefitting from the latter involves applying efficient practices. Maximizing mpg starts with starting the car. Cold car tyres are softer than hot ones and cold engines are distinctly fuel-inefficient. So, if it’s a short trip, don’t use the car. Equally, you can save by being gentle on the gas when the car is cold.

Once the engine (and the tyres) are hot, keep to the highest possible gear. This doesn’t mean accelerating hard until you can use top gear. Instead, keep the rev counter needle low on the scale and change up sooner to keep it there. At the top end of the speed scale, observe the speed limit. We all know that speed camera or police radar gun fines aren’t cheap and they increase insurance premiums. It’s also the case that pressing on costs; the difference between 60 and 70 mph cruising can be up to 5 mpg in some cars.

There are several ways in which life can be a drag or rather, drag can be a costly luxury. Underinflated car tyres give greater rolling resistance and increase fuel consumption. Got a roof rack? If you have and it’s empty, dismount it. The air drag of even an empty roof rack is quite startling and you can do without it, and the weight of the rack itself. Similarly, air conditioning is lovely, especially on a muggy day, but it costs. Specifically, it can cost you to the tune of an 11 percent reduction in mpg. This is about balance. Open car windows create aerodynamic drag too. In general, open the windows to cool down around town but at over 40 mph, use the air con.

Underinflated car tyres aren’t the only things that weigh down fuel consumption figures. Some people carry the essentials but if your car is full of junk, every kilogram is costing you fuel. Figure out how likely you are to need golf clubs, dog blankets, Thermos flasks and half a dozen old newspapers on the way to the supermarket. This is a question that answers itself!

Some savings are more obvious than others. The number of miles of tarmac that pass under your car tyres is probably a given. That said, are you using the most fuel-efficient route? Try to avoid traffic if you can and keep up to date with en route road works. Motorways and dual carriageways, without all that thirsty stopping and starting, save fuel, as does the shortest route. Remember that a motorway detour, though a little longer, could be less costly overall.

Lastly, hidden costs. This is all about shopping around. Many things, such as new car tyres, may be what’s called a distress purchase. However, the firms selling the tyres, car insurance, spare parts and even fuel are in distress too. It’s worth looking out for the best deal.

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

Car Tyre Calculations: CRF

2010-06-02T02:32:00.000-07:00

Looking at the above title, you could be forgiven for wondering, ‘What on Earth is a CRF?’ .As it happens, a CRF is one of those Michael Caine things: not a lot of people know what one is. To put you out of your misery, a CRF is a car tyre science value. It stands for the Coefficient of Rolling Friction. Still mystified? Don’t be - all will become clear!

A CRF is a figure that relates to how much force it takes for a car tyre to be driven along the road. The CRF is used to calculate the amount of drag, otherwise known as rolling resistance, that the tyre has in use. If you need a still simpler example of what rolling resistance is all about, imagine that you’re trying to ride a bicycle with flat tyres. Is it easy? No it isn’t, because the tyres have a high CRF.

We can use our new knowledge practically, to calculate how much force a typical car uses to push its tyres along a road. The force is needed to overcome friction and we can calculate it simply: if we know the tyre’s CRF and the weight it is carrying, we can calculate the force used.

In this example, our car weighs 4,000 pounds and the tyres have a CRF of 0.015. If we now multiply one figure by the other, we can find out the force in pounds. So, 4,000 x 0.015 equals 60 pounds. Does this car tyre science figure mean anything yet? Not really, because we’ve one more sum to do.

The next calculation uses an equation that can tell us how much power the car uses to push its tyres along. The equation is simple enough and we can use it with some figures that are, again, typical. So, Power equals Force multiplied by Speed. Adding figures into this equation shows that the power used is dependent on the speed at which the car is travelling.

Our theoretical car tyres, therefore, use up more power as the car’s speed increases. At 55 miles per hour, they use 8.8 horsepower. At 75 miles per hour, they consume 12 horsepower. Moreover, like with our flat-tyred bicycle, the lower the air pressure in the tyres, the higher the CRF.

Apart from using more power and therefore burning more fuel, what does this friction do? As you can neither create nor destroy energy, it changes its form. In fact, it turns into heat energy. Should the road surface be soft, more heat is transmitted to the ground and less builds up in the tyres.

This car tyre theory is interesting but asking the question, ‘what is it for’ brings an equally interesting answer. Tyre manufacturers sometimes publish CRF figures for their various kinds of tyre. The lower the CRF the less the rolling resistance or, to put it simply, drag. The less the drag, the better the economy. This also shows what is costly about running your car tyres at too low a pressure. However, remember that wasted fuel isn’t the only cost of under inflation.

Lastly, here are the CRF figures for some typical wheel and tyre (and just wheel) configurations.

A low rolling resistance car tyre’s CRF is 0.006 to 0.01

A conventional car tyre’s CRF is 0.015

A lorry tyre’s CRF is 0.006 to 0.01

A train wheel has a CRF of 0.001

Meaningless figures? Look at the one for the all-iron train wheel and imagine how much engine power is used to keep it rolling. As the Americans say, go figure!

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

Inflation Rate: Car Tyre Inflators Under Scrutiny

2010-05-27T07:17:00.000-07:00

Appearances can sometimes be deceptive. Like the first part of this title, for example. In this instance, the article isn’t about money, or the consumer price index. It can, however, be about saving you money. Buying a car tyre inflator can be a costly business. On the other hand, since a good one makes inflating your car tyres easier and quicker, it will tend to make you carry out this simple chore more regularly. This in turn means your tyres will remain at the correct pressure; you’ll save money by not burning extra fuel to push under inflated tyres along, your tyres will last longer and will be less likely to fail or suffer damage from overheating.

What are car tyre inflators about? They’re a simple electric pump for blowing up your tyres. Yet, a quick look through the available inflators reveals a lot. Some inflators are powered by your car’s battery, usually via the cigar lighter socket. Some inflators are rechargeable. Some are claimed to be quiet. Some are billed as being rapid inflators - one example inflating a tyre from totally flat to full pressure in four minutes. Others aren’t so rapid - one on test took 15 minutes to do its work.

The car tyre inflator’s abilities don’t stop there. Many have a number of LED lights, so you can utilise their inflating facility at night, which could be useful in an emergency. Most are digital, in that they have a digital readout for the pressure of the tyre to which they’re connected. This readout can usually be set to give a figure in the desired scale, that is pounds per square inch, Bar or kPa (Kilopascals).

Another benefit of a good car tyre inflator is that it can do some of the work for you. True, you have to connect it to the electricity supply (or make sure it’s fully charged). You also have to connect it to the tyre you want to inflate and you ought to oversee what it’s up to. However, the majority of good car tyre inflators feature an auto shut off facility. When the tyre is at the right pressure, the inflator stops inflating - it’s that simple.

All this begs a rather obvious question. Which one do you buy? Well, this is not a buyer’s guide. However, we all know that the Internet is laden with user reviews as well as advertisements. You can spend a happy hour doing your research, on which car tyre inflator has the best reviews.

There are some aspects of car tyre inflators that you may want to consider before buying. A quick look through some of the web tests of these devices reveals much. One point relates to a very old, well-worn adage: you get what you pay for. This is scarcely surprising and you won’t get a lot for very little money. You will have the choice between quiet inflators, fast ones, rugged ones and so forth. However, one overarching drawback seems to apply to even some of the more expensive car tyre inflators. More than one test website offers the advice to add a top-quality tyre pressure gauge to your shopping list. Quite a number of the tests discovered that the on-board digital pressure gauges were not necessarily accurate. Comparison will out, of course, during your research. On the other hand, you shouldn’t really need to buy an additional pressure gauge. As a responsible motorist, mindful of your own safety, that of others and the way in which incorrect pressure shorten tyre life, you already have a quality pressure gauge. Don’t you.

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

Still More Tyre Trivia: Fascinating, Educational Car Tyre Facts

2010-05-25T02:47:00.000-07:00

Low Cunning

Fashion has followed performance, which is why ultra low-profile tyres have become more common. Every car tyre has an aspect ratio, which is a comparison of its height in relation to its width. A ‘full profile’ tyre has a section height that is 80 to 85 percent of its width; such tyres are rarely seen these days, unless a classic vehicle is riding on them.

Aspect ratios have been falling over the years. 70 percent profiles came along, followed by 65 percent, 60 percent and so on. Nowadays, 45 percent profile tyres can be seen on high-performance cars and the current low figure is a mere 35 percent. Beware though, ultra-low profile tyres may look thrilling and they certainly offer tremendous performance. There is, however, a twofold cost. The lower you go, the more ride comfort suffers. What’s more, wheel damage from touching a kerb, or hitting a pothole or debris in the road, is far more likely.

Formula One Facts

A Formula One car can accelerate from rest to 99.42 miles per hour and decelerate back to zero in four seconds. Even though such a car weighs only a little over half a tonne, the breathtaking forces involved clearly give the tyres a hard life. Here are some captivating facts from F1’s sole tyre supplier, Bridgestone.

The company produces 40,000 of its Potenza F1 tyres each year and takes 1,800 tyres to each grand prix.

During the 2008 grand prix season, 19,435 laps were completed on Potenza F1 tyres.

A Bridgestone tyre fitting team can fit 56 car tyres per hour, that’s 14 sets of tyres. Sixty of the company’s personnel attend each grand prix, taking with them 12 tonnes of specialised equipment.

At just over 186 miles per hour, Bridgestone wet weather tyres displace 61 litres of water per second.

Potenza F1 tyres are built to last - for around 93 to 124 miles under racing conditions.

Back to the Real World

Now for some less esoteric facts and figures, from the everyday world of motoring.

About 75 percent of British motorists are driving on under-inflated car tyres.

What this is doing to their carbon footprints isn’t known but it is costing them over 2 billion pounds every year.

Approximately 12 per cent of the cars in the UK have at least one defective tyre.

Another 12 percent have a tyre with less than two millimetres of tread, which is legal but decidedly unsafe.

Ninety percent of Britain’s motorists don’t know the pressure to which their tyres should be inflated.

Continental Tyres carried out a study, which discovered that 40 per cent of British motorists claim never to have checked the pressure in their car tyres.

More than 40 per cent of drivers admitted that they didn’t know how to check tyre tread depth. Seventy per cent had no idea of the legal minimum tread depth, which is 1.6 millimetres over 75 per cent of the tread’s width, in a continuous band.

About 20 percent of drivers confessed to driving on tyres that would probably not meet legal tread limits.

These sobering figures, apart from highlighting the need for a certain amount of education for UK drivers, suggest something else. It’s comforting that the average UK driver isn’t in charge of Formula One car tyres!

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

Little Helpers For Car Tyres

2010-05-24T04:38:00.000-07:00

In many respects, modern cars are computers riding on tyres. Much of what happens below decks may seem to be under the driver’s control but in fact, computerised assistance is ever-present and sometimes, the computers take over. Here, we can take a look at some computer-controlled elements that specifically relate to the work of car tyres. We’ll find ourselves knee deep in acronyms but don’t worry, each will be explained.

Lets start with ABS. Which is? The Anti-lock Braking System. ABS first appeared in 1929, when Gabriel Voisin, a French aircraft and car engineer, developed a working system for aeroplanes. In the production car world, Chrysler later teamed up with Bendix to produce ‘Sure Brake’. This, a fully computerised all-wheel ABS system was available on the 1971 Imperial. Not to be outdone, General Motors stopped car tyres skidding with ‘Trackmaster’, a rear-wheel only system that first appeared on their 1971 models.

So how does ABS help car tyres? A typical system has a central electronic control unit (ECU), a speed sensor at each wheel, and hydraulic valves within the braking system. Under hard braking, a car wheel that is rotating significantly slower than its counterparts is on the point of locking. The ECU detects this and commands the appropriate hydraulic valve to reduce the braking force at that wheel. As the wheel speeds up again, the ECU reimposes full braking force - this can happen up to 20 times per second.

What does this mean in practice? When the ABS keeps the car tyres at the point of locking but doesn’t let them lock, the car is being braked to the limit of the tyres’ adhesion. This represents maximum braking efficiency. Moreover, skidding car tyres have actually lost their grip. The driver may be applying maximum braking force and locking the wheels but braking and steering control are lost. Under the influence of ABS, it becomes possible to still steer the car around an obstacle.

Now for another acronym, which describes a system that has evolved from ABS. Electronic Stability Control, or ESC, adds two further sensors to the ABS armoury. The first, a gyroscopic sensor, can detect when the car’s direction of travel doesn’t accord with the position of the second, the steering wheel angle sensor. The ESC’s software can then apply braking force to up to three of the wheels individually. Consequently, the car tyres’ grip is used to assist in making the car travel in the direction the driver has chosen. CBC, or Cornering Brake Control, is a refinement in ESC. This system can control the ABS, telling it that the wheels on the inside of the curve being taken should be braked harder than the those on the outside. It also dictates how much additional braking force is applied.

Paradoxically, an ABS-related system can help car tyres to retain grip under acceleration. A Traction Control System, a.k.a. A TCS, detects a driven wheel that’s spinning and briefly applies braking force to allow the spinning car tyre, or tyres, to regain traction. More sophisticated TCS systems can control the throttle level simultaneously, cutting power to the spinning wheels.

As you can see, these electronic aids to safety are complicated. Different manufacturer’s calling them by alternative names further complicates the issue. For example, some call their TCS an ASR, an Anti Slip Regulator. The above is a very simplistic explanation of such systems and there are other, similar systems in use. The bottom line is that they all help a car’s tyres make maximum use of the grip they offer.

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

Belt-Tightening For Beginners: How To Cut Motoring Costs

2010-04-13T06:22:00.000-07:00

In the wake of the Budget, we can do our own budgeting and save money on motoring. Attending to everything from your car tyres to the way you drive can save your hard-earned cash and help you avoid a deficit of your own.

1: Check Tyres Pressures

Air is no longer free at many forecourts but checking your tyre pressures frequently can save you much more than the few pence it might cost. For a start, running car tyres at too low a pressure increases their rolling resistance. This makes the engine work harder to push the car along so fuel consumption suffers. Underinflated tyres wear out faster too.

Correct tyre pressures improve a car’s handling, road holding and braking. These checks can cut your fuel bill by 10 percent and increase your car tyres’ useful life.

A major upside of checking tyre pressures in that you can look over your car tyres at the same time. Being caught with unroadworthy tyres can attract a fine of 2,50 pounds.

2: Research Insurance Needs

The recession has increased competition in most industries. Car tyres have become cheaper but insurance premiums have become highly competitive. Shop around for the best deal and make sure you’re paying only for the insurance you need.

3: Don’t be a Drag

Correctly inflated car tyres won’t be too helpful if your car is being held back aerodynamically. Trundling around town with the windows open may be enjoyable but open windows equal aerodynamic drag. The same goes for a roof rack, which can impose a surprisingly high amount of drag, even if unloaded. So, remove the rack when it’s empty. Also, tidy out your car. Carrying anything you don’t need costs fuel.

Air-conditioning also saps power; switching it off unless you actually need it saves fuel. That said, aircon is a more efficient cooling medium than open windows at above town speeds. It’s a question of balance.

4: No Short Trips

Cars run inefficiently when cold. Even the most efficient can return single fuel consumption figures for a surprisingly long time when cold. So, try to use your car only when you know it will warm up fully. The same aspects apply when warming your car, particularly on cold mornings. Drive off as soon as you start the engine - a car engine running at tickover from cold uses a lot of fuel, warms more slowly and can suffer more wear. Here, the car tyres make no difference!

5: Plan Your Journey

Longer routes, stop-start driving, unnecessary mileage and diversions all have a negative effect on fuel consumption. Use the Internet, the radio, TV and your satnav to plan your journey. Avoid rush hour traffic jams, steer clear of roadworks or accidents, and try to use motorways wherever possible. Bear in mind that the shortest route may not be the most efficient; more miles under your tyres can work out cheaper in some cases.

6: Observe Speed Limits

Speed limits have always been in place for public safety, even if many have also become a political issue. Remember that travelling at 60 mph costs less than travelling at 80 mph and wears tyres less. Equally, remember that fines and points on your licence also increase insurance premiums. Moreover, you generally can’t argue with a speed camera or police radar gun.

7: Drive Carefully

With a few exceptions modern cars are powerful enough to be lively but burning your car tyres’ rubber on a regular basis, though fun, can be expensive. Fifth gear can give 20 percent better fuel economy than third can, provided you don’t select it too early. Tyre-shrieking starts and lurid cornering are best left to your imagination - and they wear your car tyres out faster.

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

Car Tyre Physics: How Car Tyres Behave Under Pressure

2010-04-06T02:22:00.000-07:00

Car tyres obviously play a huge part in letting cars take corners. Few people consider how they do this in a scientific way but knowing about the forces at work is both interesting and educational. Why? Because understanding what’s involved and the terminology that applies can help your driving.

In road tests - particularly in track tests - cars are referred to as having understeer or its opposite characteristic, oversteer. These terms are directly related to car tyres, but what do they mean? The short, smart answer is simple: understeer means you’ll see what you’re going to hit, oversteer means you won’t. The less drastic explanation refers to the behaviour of car tyres when great demands are being on them. An understeering car’s driver will feel the need to apply more steering input to make the car go round the corner. An oversteering car’s driver will have to apply less steering input to successfully negotiate the corner. In drastic oversteer, he’d have to add counter steering, or opposite lock. Most cars understeer, for safety’s sake.

What is the science behind understeer and oversteer? Once again, it’s about car tyres; specifically, it’s about their slip angles. What are slip angles? Something that is easily understood when they’re explained to you.

Every car tyre has a contact patch, the area of its tread that’s in contact with the road surface. Imagine the tyres of a car that’s taking a corner. Each tyre will be following a path in the direction the driver is steering. Each contact patch will be following a path but it won’t be the same path the tyre’s carcass is following. This is because the tyre’s carcass deforms in response to the forces acting on it - the lateral force imposed by the weight of the car, and any forces of braking or accelerating. So, the tread in the contact patch follows a tighter curve than that the wheel/tyre combination is following. The tyre tread’s ability to deform locally also has a bearing on the slip angle. The slip angle is the difference between the two paths.

What, then, do slip angles do? In fact, they add grip, up to a point. Slip angles increase with increasing forces, speed included. As they increase, grip improves, until the car tyres begin to lose grip.

When car tyres begin to lose grip, one of three conditions results. When the slip angles of the front and rear tyres are the same, neutral steering occurs. If a car has 50/50 weight distribution and if its front and rear tyres offer identical levels of grip, it will have neutral handling. At the limits of grip, a four-wheel drift will occur; competition cars aim for these characteristics. A car in a four-wheel drift is cornering as fast as it can, nearly at the point of sliding off the track.

Should the car tyres at the front have a larger slip angle than the rear tyres have, understeer will result. As well as being more controllable, understeer can be used to scrub away excess speed on a racetrack. After the ultimate limit of grip, an understeering car will leave the track while going forwards; it can’t corner tightly enough.

What happens if the rear tyres’ slip angles are the greater? Under these circumstances, the grip of the rear tyres will be less than that of the front. The car’s tail will slide towards the outside of the corner. In extremis, the car will spin.

In practice, many aspects affect understeer and oversteer. These include which wheels drive the car forward (front, rear or all, four), the weight of the car and how it’s distributed, whether the car is accelerating, cruising or braking, and the speed and loads involved. However, this explanation gives an insight into your car tyres’ dynamic performance.

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

Replacing Runflats With Conventional Tyres

2010-03-22T07:40:00.000-07:00

We are receiving a number of queries from tyre dealers concerning customers who want to replace the runflat tyres fitted on their vehicles as original equipment with conventional tyres

Some people, it seems, do not like runflats, for a number of reasons; one of which is the higher price of runflats when they have to be replaced. Another reason is that the availability of runflat tyres could best be described as patchy and, when one has to be replaced, if the tyre dealer cannot supply one straight away then the motorist is stuck.

The situation is exacerbated by the confusion – in the tyre trade and among the general public – about whether or not runflat tyres that have suffered a puncture can be repaired. Take BMW, many of whose vehicles are fitted with runflats as OE, who recommends that punctured runflats are not repaired "as additional forces and wear have been incurred within the tyre whilst being driven deflated". The motorist may feel aggrieved that his runflat tyre not only costs more than conventional rubber, but also that the tyre dealer refuses to repair it, whereas if it were a conventional tyre, then it could be repaired.

However, by far the most common reason for replacing runflats with conventional tyres is not down to economics, but is the perceived quality of the ride – take a look at any online message board and, when it comes to runflats and comfort, hardly anyone has a good word to say about them.

The sidewall is stiffer on runflat tyres and, where these are fitted as OE, it forms part of the suspension, giving a harder ride, according to runflat critics. Of course, much depends on the driving style, but a typical message board comment is along the lines of "I couldn't believe the ride improvement when I got rid of the runflats". One suggestion is that fitting a non-runflat when the suspension had been set up for runflats makes the ride "wallowy" which contrasts with the original hard ride.

Whatever the reason for changing to conventional tyres, it is interesting that some motorists are willing to forgo the undoubted safety advantages of runflats. Also, as more and more cars are fitted with runflats as OE, presumably there will be more motorists wanting to switch.

For those who do decide to switch, what happens should they suffer a puncture? The tyre pressure monitoring systems – which are mandatory with runflats – will work equally well with conventional tyres, so a slow leak can be checked in time, but what if there is a sudden blowout? This is another question frequently asked on the message boards and the answers given are "carry a spare in the boot" (presumably given that there is room) or "carry a can of sealant".

INDUSTRY THOUGHTS

So much for why people want to change over from runflats, but what do the various sectors of the tyre industry, vehicle manufacturers and insurers have to say on the subject?

Back in 2005, the British Tyre Manufacturers' Association issued a statement concerning self-supporting runflat tyres (SSTs). On the subject of retro-fitting conventional tyres to SST-equipped cars, it points out that this "would remove the runflat capability, potentially leaving the driver immobile in a case of deflation and could compromise vehicle handling. It is therefore recommended to consult with the vehicle manufacturer or tyre manufacturer before replacing SSTs with conventional tyres."

Tyre manufacturers' websites have little to say about replacing runflats with conventional tyres. Most recommend replacing runflats with runflats and not mixing different runflat brands. One thing they all agree on is that runflat and conventional tyres should never be mixed on a vehicle.

Regarding the criticism of ride comfort, no doubt tyre manufacturers would argue that, in the early days of runflats, this may have been the case, but would point to the improvements in construction and materials since then, making the latest generation of runflats the most comfortable yet.

It should be remembered that the growing use of runflat tyres is because they are popular with vehicle manufacturers, not because the tyre industry wanted them. The BTMA statement suggested contacting the vehicle manufacturer, so we approached BMW, as an enthusiastic supporter of runflats, for their thoughts on changing to conventional tyres.

Their statement began by listing the reasons that they chose to utilise runflat technology in the first place, which primarily focused on driver and passenger safety and comfort. The statement went on:

"All of our vehicles that use runflat technology have their suspension and braking components set up to accommodate runflat tyres. Should you decide to change to non-runflats, it may alter the driving and handling characteristics of your vehicle. It is for this reason that this modification is not recommended by BMW as a manufacturer.

"However, it is possible to have standard tyres fitted. You will additionally need to purchase either a spare wheel with jack and brace set or a mobility kit, which can be ordered from the parts department of your nearest BMW Approved Dealership.

The illustration above shows a normal tyre deflated and on the left a run-flat tyre deflated clearly showing the additional sidewall support from the run-flat.

"Converting a vehicle from runflat tyres to conventional tyres will not invalidate its warranty, although this could give rise to a warranty claim being rejected where the fitment of conventional tyres is found to be directly attributable to the occurrence of any fault or defect."

So that's it – it can be done, but BMW doesn't recommend it.

TyreSafe statement

What about TyreSafe, the UK tyre safety group – where do they stand on this issue? We contacted them and, a few days later, a statement was released. In it, TyreSafe warns motorists that they could be compromising their own safety if they replace the run-flat tyres fitted to their vehicle with standard tyres that do not include run-flat technology.
The statement goes on: "With many motorists looking to reduce their vehicle maintenance costs, some have been tempted to economise by selecting tyres which do not incorporate the added technology and features found in run-flat tyres. By choosing these standard tyres, drivers risk significantly changing the handling characteristics of the vehicle which could increase their chances of being involved in an accident.

Stuart Jackson, Chairman, TyreSafe says "As a general rule, we would always recommend that drivers only replace run-flat tyres with a similar product. Run-flats have much stiffer sidewalls than those in traditional tyres and this is taken into account by vehicle manufacturers when they design their suspension and steering systems. By switching to tyres that do not use run-flat technology, the handling of the car can be dramatically altered and it may become unsafe, particularly during extreme manoeuvres."

In addition to the performance changes which may occur as a result of switching to non run-flat tyres, drivers can also cause themselves other problems. Run-flat tyres give drivers the ability to continue their journey for a limited time when they have no pressure in the tyre. Standard tyres cannot do this and must be changed as soon as there is a sudden loss of pressure.

SAFETY AND INSURANCE

The most powerful argument against getting rid of runflats is the safety angle. While punctures at high speeds are relatively uncommon, the results can be devastating without runflat capability. However, this is not the only safety factor, as, back in October 2006, Auto Express carried out a tyre test comparing runflats and standard tyres against each other on a wet and dry track.

A sentence in the report said that “fitting the wrong tyres to your vehicle could also invalidate your insurance”. Is this, in fact, the case? We contacted insurance giant Aviva and asked whether swapping from runflat to conventional tyres would affect a motorist’s cover.

The answer was unequivocal, with the Aviva spokesperson saying: “I can confirm that there would be no issue with a motor insurance policy purchased directly with us if a car was changed from runflat tyres to conventional tyres, with the only stipulation being that the tyre was road legal. We would only advise the client to call us so that this was noted, but there would be no additional terms imposed.”

We tried to obtain an industry-wide comment, but without success and the sensible course of action would be to check with your insurer before changing over tyres, to be on the safe side.

WHAT ABOUT RETRO-FITTING RUNFLATS?

In addition to replacing runflats with standard tyres, some NTDA members have been approached with requests to retro-fit runflats to cars that normally carry conventional tyres.

There is little information on this subject, but one thing for sure is that some sort of tyre pressure monitoring system will be needed. As you might imagine, the Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents (RoSPA) seems to be a fan of runflat technology and it has the following to say about retro-fitting runflats:

"You should seek expert advice from your vehicle manufacturer before retro-fitting a runflat tyre if your vehicle has TPMS. As the tyre is more rigid, vehicles that have them as standard may require softer suspensions to compensate for the lost ride comfort. Guidance should also be sought from the tyre manufacturer."

Star Cars - Silver Screen Objects Of Desire, On Tyres

2010-03-09T07:35:00.000-08:00

Who makes a movie? Usually, it’s a joint effort. In some films, however, it isn’t only the actors, director, crew and backroom staff that make the result memorable. It’s a car or cars and here are some we all know and love…

Roald Dahl and Ken Hughes scripted the 1968 film ‘Chitty Chitty Bang Bang’. Dick Van Dyck and Sally Anne Howes appeared in it but its specially-built star made it come alive. There were in fact six Chittys and not all ran on car tyres. One was the car in its dilapidated state, another appeared in all its rebuilt glory. Of the four others, the ‘hovercraft car’ is probably best remembered. This variation was lightened with aluminium copies of many of the brass parts. When the car had to be filmed suspended from a crane or helicopter during ‘flying’ sequences, its engine was removed to lighten it further.

Could you create a legend in just over seven weeks? In August 1965, US custom car builder George Barris was given a job to do. He had to produce a special car for TV and film work, as fast as possible. Luckily for him, a division of the Ford Motor Company had built a concept car ten years earlier. The Lincoln Futura made an ideal starting point. Barris fitted the 390 cubic inch (6.4 litre) V8-powered car with 15 inch cast alloy wheels, carrying Firestone Wide Oval tyres. Into the recipe went Cumming & Sander impact safety belts, a Moon aluminium gas tank, 2 Deist parachute packs with 10ft. diameter parachutes, and the ‘exhaust turbine’ was made from a five gallon paint can. If you need any further clues, the giveaway lies in the colour scheme. Threequarter inch fluorescent cerise stripes relieved the ‘Velvet Bat-Fuzz Black’ surface finish. Yes, we’ve been looking at the original 1966 Batmobile.

Now for a collection of vehicles, all but one of which set tyres to tarmac in reality. In 1969’s film ‘The Italian Job’, it wasn’t a real Lamborghini Muira that went into a river. It was a bodyshell on a crash-damaged chassis. However, when the film crew returned to pick up the pieces next day, they’d been stolen overnight!

Speaking of car tyres, the production crew got through quite a number with the Italian Job Minis. These were Mk.1 Austin Mini Cooper S cars; in the hands of stunt driving team L’Equipe Remy Julienne, they became legendary.

The film’s two E-Type Jaguars were Series One models, bought for a measly (for the time) £900 apiece. The red convertible registered 848 CRY, however, was restored and survives to this day. Michael Caine’s character’s 1961 Aston Martin DB4 convertible, scooped off its tyres by a digger, really did go down the mountainside - twice. In fact, the first take was unsatisfactory because the car was supposed to burst into flames (it didn’t because the man with the ‘explode button’ had to run for his life as the Aston plummeted towards him.) The ‘Aston Martin’ that we did see destroyed was a Lancia Flaminia 3c Cabriolet, dressed up by an excellent and obliging bodywork firm in Turin.

To close this little trip down memory lane, we can look at what is arguably the world’s most famous coach - ever. The six-wheeler that ended up with its rear tyres clawing at empty air at the close of The Italian Job was a Harrington Legionnaire. Perhaps the notion of reinforcing the cab so that the boarding Mini Coopers didn’t squash the driver was heralded with this: ‘Listen lads, I’ve got a great idea - er - er’.

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

Rising Damp - How To Cope With Downpours And Floods

2010-02-26T06:29:00.000-08:00

Here in the UK, 52% of our days are overcast. Rain is a given and it is frequently very heavy. Consequently, we should be used to it and there is no excuse for ignoring it. It is also a fact that even car tyres in prime condition inflated to the recommended pressures can struggle to cope, especially in particularly heavy rain and floods.

In heavy rain, you need two things, grip and visibility. Good wiper blades and a full screenwash bottle are essential. Doubling the distance to the vehicle in front is equally necessary. When the rainfall approaches biblical proportions, you could encounter standing water. Car tyres are designed to offer a grip by clearing water from the area that contacts the road surface. In extreme conditions, they can no longer sweep water away quickly enough. This can lead to a phenomenon called aquaplaning, in which the tyres skim along the surface of the water. Should this happen, you may find out the hard way.

How? Try to brake and very little will happen because the tyres have no grip; the same goes for steering control. A sudden, suspiciously light feel to the steering is an excellent clue to aquaplaning and the ‘cure’ is to gently lift off the accelerator; you will feel the tyres regaining their grip. Nobody who’s experienced it would deny that aquaplaning is frightening. Should it happen, it will quickly educate you into matching your road speed to the prevailing conditions.

Sometimes, rainfall becomes so heavy that the roads’ and their drainage systems can’t cope with it. Here, flooding is not only a risk, it is practically a certainty. The secret of coping with significant flooding is to employ forethought. ‘Look before you leap’ is a long established proverb and in many respects, it applies to flood driving. You shouldn’t attempt to drive into floodwater without knowing how deep it is. Tall 4×4s apart, modern cars have an engine air intake positioned quite low down. The snag is that water, unlike air, is incompressible. Should water enter the engine, the pistons will be stopped dead in their tracks. This will completely wreck the engine.

So, what do you do when you see floods ahead? A simple rule of thumb is that being able to see the road surface means you can see how deep the floodwater is. Assuming you can see the depth of the water, flood driving goes like this.

Drive straddling the white line. Being on the crown of the road puts you where the water is shallowest.

Drive in a low gear, at a slow pace. Creating an impressive bow wave is a very good way to drown your engine but keeping the engine revving will prevent water’s entering the exhaust and causing a stall.

Should the engine come to a dead halt, it’s likely the worst has happened. Depress the clutch immediately and do not attempt to restart the engine. Damage may already have occurred; turning the engine will make it worse.

Should another vehicle be approaching from the opposite direction, make every effort to let it negotiate the floodwater first. This is for two reasons. One, if you both have to move across to let one another pass, you’ll both be in deeper water. Two, if the oncoming vehicle ingests water and dies mid-flood, you’ll be prompted to not try negotiating the flood yourself.

Finally, remember that brake pads can ‘aquaplane’ on wet discs, leaving you without brakes. On leaving the flooded area, apply the brake pedal for a short while, to dry the discs.

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

Pre-Loved Pointers: Used Car Buying Tips

2010-02-10T02:40:00.000-08:00

‘Caveat emptor’ is Latin. It means ‘Let the buyer beware’ and it makes the perfect maxim for anyone intending to buy a secondhand car. The rules for a successful purchase are simple enough and making a matchless deal is easy if you use these pointers.

1: Check the tyres. Car tyres save your life on a daily basis, simply by doing their job. Tyres with 3 millimetres or less of tread need replacing. Tyres can also be excellent tell tales. If they’re worn unevenly, the car’s suspension, steering or brakes could be at fault. Cracked tyres are generally pensionable and lumps or bulges in tyre carcasses suggest internal damage. Remember to check the spare tyre and bear in mind that tyre failure can be a killer.

2: Check the VIN. The car’s Vehicle Identification Number should match that in the logbook. If it doesn’t or is absent, the car could have been stolen, ‘rung’ or be two half cars welded together.

3: Check the history. This advice counts in two ways. Dealers must offer an HPI check by law. If buying privately, have one carried out yourself. An HPI check is to validate the car’s history and would reveal previous damage, theft, insurance claims, writings off and more.

Service history is equally important. If a main dealer or an approved concern has carried out servicing, the car’s automatically a better prospect.

4: Check the deal. Often, dealers can offer a warranty. The car may have some remaining manufacturer’s warranty and there may be ’sweeteners’, such as included accessories. Be very careful if buying from a private seller. Once the car is yours, you have very little comeback if it proves to be a bad buy.

5: Check the car. Unless professionally executed, accident repairs are easy to spot. Look for poor panel gaps, paint colour and texture mismatches, non-factory additions (e.g. lights) and damaged exterior trim. Take particular note of the car’s extremities: the nose and all four corners. Suspiciously thick, new-looking underseal can hide a lot, as can the boot carpet.

Look under the bonnet, for a clean engine bay with no rust or coolant stains. Dip the oil, which shouldn’t be like black treacle, and look underneath the car for spots of leaked fluid.

6: Check the mileage. The car’s MOT certificates should show a believable progression of mileage figures and the speedometer’s mileage reading should tally. Modern electronic mileometers can be easily tampered with so checking that the speedo screws aren’t butchered doesn’t always reveal a clocked car. That said, plastics and modern trim can wear. If the steering wheel rim and the pedal rubbers are shinier than the bodywork, chances are the car has an intergalactic mileage in reality. A worn, bursting drivers seat, is a dead giveaway, as are badly worn driver’s door mechanisms. Don’t forget that these parts could have been replaced, so if they look too new, be wary.

7: Check the performance. Have a realistically long test drive, using the vehicle as you expect to on a daily basis. Try the brakes, steering, transmission and electrical items. Should something be not as expected, be careful to not fall for the old ‘They all do that’ routine!

8: Remember these three golden rules. Unless the car you’re examining is so rare that there simply isn’t another, you can always find a rival example. Rule two: it’s a buyer’s market at the moment and you can always walk away. Rule three is simpler still: buy with your head, never your heart!

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

Snow Joke: Driving in the Deep Midwinter

2010-01-25T07:14:00.000-08:00

Car tyres do a magnificent job. Few would argue with this but there are those who seem to believe that their car’s tyres can perform miracles. Most people who’ve seen the consequences of this belief would argue with it. Now that winter is upon us with a vengeance, knowing what car tyres can and can’t do, particularly on snow and ice, becomes particularly helpful. Here are some basic facts to begin with…

* Car tyres, like many shoe soles, are made of materials that provide grip in most conditions. On snow, car tyres provide much-reduced grip and on ice, can offer practically no grip.

* Treating the road surface, with a mixture of salt and grit, enhances the available grip.

* This enhanced grip is nowhere near that provided by even a wet road surface.

* Should the treated surface re-freeze, the level of grip will decrease radically.

* Loss of grip equals loss of control.

Ok. For those who would argue that their car has anti-lock brakes and traction control, there are further facts. Electronic aids notwithstanding, a car (or a van, truck or whatever) can only obey the laws of physics. ABS, DSC and other driving aids help but like car tyres, they can’t perform miracles.

So, how do we deal with snow and ice? The short answer is very carefully but there are ways of driving in such conditions. Let’s take a look at the most useful…

* When setting off, you can lose traction. A car with furiously spinning wheels won’t be going anywhere except possibly downwards. Be subtle with the controls and in really bad conditions, try setting off in second gear.

* Should your car tyres insist on spinning, you may be able to progress by using wheel spin but only as a last resort. Turn the steering repeatedly from lock to lock and you might, just might, find a little traction.

* In adverse conditions, driving becomes very much a matter of the balance between grip and sliding. This is an immensely delicate balance that’s easily upset. Your fingertips and the seat of your pants give the best feedback about what’s happening at ground level.

* Despite all the theoretical talk, your car can only skid in three ways. In understeer, the front of the car loses grip and runs wide. In oversteer, the rear loses grip and tries to pass you. In a four-wheel slide or skid, all the wheels lose grip. If you’re skidding, you’re going too fast for the conditions.

* If the front wheels skid (understeer), reduce the amount of steering you have applied. In a rear wheel skid (oversteer), steer in the direction the tail of the car has taken. In all cases, four-wheel skid included, lift off the accelerator but avoid hard braking.

*If your ABS cuts in under braking, you may have a limited amount of steering control. Again don’t expect miracles.

* Where traction and grip are radically limited, stopping distances increase vastly. Never, on any account, follow a vehicle too closely and be aware that what’s behind you could have only a minimal chance of stopping. Should a vehicle be following too close, pull in and let it pass.

* Remember that even a treated surface can refreeze. Pay attention to your car’s ice warning and act on it. Black ice can remain in shadowed areas long after sunrise.

Above all, be realistic. Should conditions be dreadful, accept the fact and don’t travel. With the abovementioned driving aids, not to mention seatbelts and airbags, you’re likely to survive an accident. However, surviving the consequent insurance issues and the inconvenience of repairs can be a major hassle.

If in any doubt at all, you need answer one question, the one that posters carried during World War Two: Is your journey really necessary?

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

For Your Car Tyres’ Sake: Driving Defensively

2009-12-31T03:45:00.000-08:00

Driving away from a tyre bay on tyres so new that they still retain their labels can cause mixed feelings. Often, replacing car tyres is carried out to remain safe and legal, which is comforting. Sometimes, a set of replacement tyres must be bought far too early, because the originals went nowhere near fulfilling their expected life, through neglect and/or misuse. This scenario is irritating at best so knowing how to get the most out of your car tyres is valuable.

We all know tyres don’t last for ever but there are mechanical faults, road conditions and driving habits that significantly shorten tyre life. Let’s start at the ground and work upwards.

If a car’s wheels are misaligned, the tyres won’t live long, it’s a simple as that. Having your car’s wheel alignment checked and fixed if necessary isn’t desperately expensive and pays dividends in tyre life, performance and comfort. Under or over-inflated tyres also acquire strange wear patterns and stranger habits on the road – and they wear out sooner. Equally, wheels in need of balancing can compromise comfort, grip and tyre longevity; much the same goes for ineffective shock absorbers.

In many respects, your car tyres’ life is as much in your hands as your life depends on your tyres. Accelerating savagely, braking spectacularly and cornering to the squeal of tortured rubber may seem thrilling but such practices shred your treads depressingly quickly. You can’t, in general, choose the kinds of roads you travel upon but there are known tyre killers that you’ll certainly encounter. Dealing with these in the correct way can enhance your tyres’ life, your car’s life and your comfort. Whether you call them speed bumps, sleeping policeman or traffic calming measures, the potential outcome is the same.

The first rule is to never straddle a speed bump; doing so can knock your car’s suspension out of alignment. Doing so repeatedly can damage your car’s springs and suspension too. If you cross speed bumps with either the left or right wheels, your car will suffer less. Similarly, if you take a gung-ho approach to speed bumps and speed pads, you’ll pay in the long run. This even affects big, tough 4×4 vehicles so don’t be misled. Slow down, as the bumps necessarily dictate.

Kerbs are not so far removed from speed bumps, either in terms of their location or the damage they can do. Look in any busy town centre and it won’t be long before you see someone allowing their car’s wheels to mount a kerb or two. It’s an unarguable fact that despite the cushioning effect of the tyres, car wheels always come off worse in a fight with a kerb. This is especially true of alloy wheels, which are relatively soft and easily damaged. This can be verified in the abovementioned busy town centre. You won’t have to look far to find a wheel with a piece taken out of the rim by a kerb, or with an edge raked down to bare metal by the same culprit.

The bottom line here is that looking after your car and its tyres pays dividends, in terms of performance, comfort, longevity - and financially.

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

Be Forearmed: Car and Car Tyre Checks for Winter

2009-12-29T02:46:00.000-08:00

“Now is the winter of our discontent”, said Richard III. In fact, he meant that the time of unhappiness was past. However, if you don’t check your car tyres – and your car – before adverse conditions arrive, you could experience a highly discontented winter.

Anyone accustomed to living in ‘this sceptered isle’ (Shakespeare again) will be more than familiar with what we are liable to encounter. Dealing with anything that puts our cars and their tyres under stress isn’t all that difficult so let’s start with tyres.

Any car tyre, but for those with studs fitted, will not grip on sheet ice. However, well-worn tyres won’t grip too brilliantly in snow, slush or even in wet conditions. So first, check your tread depth. This should be a minimum of 1.6 millimetres of tread in a continuous band around three quarters of the tyre. This is only the legal minimum but a tyre that’s down to the wear indicators won’t cope well in winter. You may consider investing in a set of winter tyres but in any case, replacing tyres for the winter is a valid action.

It should go without saying that your car tyres should be at the correct pressure. Checking this is any easy job that should be repeated regularly throughout the winter. It’s also worth running a hand over your tyres’ carcasses to check for bulges, lumps, cuts or the evidence of misalignment. Remember also that you have a spare tyre that you might need in a hurry. Check first that you can dismount it, particularly if it lives beneath the car. In some instances, it’s so long since the spare tyre has seen the light of day that its fastenings under the car have long since corroded into immobility. It’s better to discover this at your leisure than at the roadside in mid-snowstorm or hurricane.

Many people see what’s under a car’s bonnet as fit and forget items. Wrong! Having enough non-freezing windscreen washer fluid is fairly important but if your car’s coolant, oil and hydraulic fluid levels are low, you could be heading for major difficulties, if not disaster. They’re easy enough to check and your car’s handbook will tell you all about which fluids should be used and where they should go. Bear in mind that a poor battery will almost certainly let you down as the temperature drops.

Apart from letting you see where you’re going on a black winter’s night, your car’s lights also announce your presence and intentions to other road users. Ensure that each and every bulb or LED on the car is fully functional; this includes less frequently used lighting like front and rear foglights. Carry a full set of spare bulbs and make sure you have the tools and know-how to fit them, if necessary. As an adjunct to vision, your car’s windscreen wipers are extremely important. Examine them and if any are ragged, loose or ineffective, replace them. Should you find any of these tasks too daunting, remember that your local garage will be happy to carry out your winter checks for you.

Finally, what to carry on a winter journey. What you take along can be tailored to the conditions you might meet. For example, you might need a torch, reflective waistcoat or jacket and a warning triangle, and some extra screen wash fluid for normal journeys. Whether you need boots, gloves, a shovel and a thermos of tea depends on where you’re headed.

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

Fit For The Road: Keeping Car Tyres In Shape

2009-12-07T05:33:00.000-08:00

Unlike on 'Who wants to be a millionaire', your car tyres are your lifeline in the life or death sense. Their four contact patches, their 'footprints', are all that are keeping you and a tonne or more of moving metal away from a close encounter with the passing scenery or worse, with a moving 18-wheeler. Unfortunately, many drivers feel their tyres are forgettable but the old adage about looking after you're tyres so they look after you is ever true.

Tyre pressures are the first forgotten chore. Car tyres lose pressure as a matter of course; it doesn't mean they're leaking. Arguably, the best way of making sure you keep your tyres at the correct pressure is all about money. Look at it this way: if your tyres are underinflated, they flex more, run too hot, wear more at the edges and have a shorter life. Low tyre pressures also create greater drag so you'll use more fuel. Overinflated tyres wear out the centre section of their treads sooner, which is also a costly event. Should you have a tyre that has an air leak, it could let you down. Here, the best case is dealing with changing a wheel. The worst case is a one-way trip to casualty after a tyre burst, so get the leak fixed. As you can see, looking after tyre pressures is a money-saver; consider things like improved grip and enhanced safety as a bonus.

Bad wheel alignment represents another hungry mouth gnawing at your disposable income. Misaligned car tyres can wear out well before the end of their expected service life and having this fixed is simple and inexpensive. More importantly, especially in winter, misaligned tyres work at odds with your car's steering and suspension. Result? The car is running inefficiently and the cost is in fuel and driver fatigue. Much the same applies to unbalanced wheels, which also cause vibration and increased wear.

Getting up close and personal with your car tyres periodically pays dividends too. You can check your tyre treads' depth by studying their wear bars. When these, normally buried in the treads' grooves, start wearing themselves, it's new tyres time. You can also run an exploratory palm around your tyres, seeking an embedded nail, cuts, lumps, bulges or sidewall cracks. All spell the need for attention and a good tyre bay will advise you about what needs to be done. Adding a visual tyre health check to your car washing routine is a wise move.

Tyre rotation isn't something that happens every time you drive away. A front-wheel-drive car, for example, gives its front tyres a great deal of work to do. The front tyres have to cope with steering forces, braking forces and the transmitting of power to the road. It's no wonder that on such a car, the front tyres need replacing more often; giving them a tour of duty at the rear of the car evens things out.

Lastly, treat your car tyres with sympathy. Think of it this way: you only ever see a racing car surrounded by tyre smoke if it's in trouble. Wheel spin, tyres yelping on corners and smoking, squealing stops are all very well in the movies but remember that stunt drivers (a) don't own the cars and (b) don't pay for their tyres!

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

More Tyre Trivia: Fascinating And Fun Car Tyre Facts

2009-11-09T06:04:00.000-08:00

Once more unto the breach dear friends, or rather, once more into the gripping world of car tyre trivia. So, did you know?

The word ‘tyre’ is derived from the word ‘attire’ i.e. clothing. This makes the American spelling ‘tire’ the more accurate.

The very earliest ‘tyres’ actually helped hold wheels together. The part that ran on the road was an iron band, which was heated and placed over the ‘felloe’, or rim, of a wooden wheel. When it cooled, the band shrank to fit the wheel tightly, adding strength to the structure.

Formula 1 tyres lose weight during every race. The high wear rate means that a tyre weighs 0.5kg less when replaced.

Speaking of weight saving, the tyre Goodyear developed for the Gulfstream business jet had aluminium, rather than steel, bead wires. This saved 1.3kg per tyre.

Bridgestone produces 40,000 Formula One tyres per year. The company reintroduced slick tyres to Formula One in 2009, after an 11-year absence (prior to this, grooved tyres had been used since 1998).

When travelling at 300km/hour, four car tyres can displace 61 litres of water per second.

A study by Continental Tyres found that 40% of motorists in Britain claim to have never checked their car’s tyre pressures.

To make matters worse, even fewer drivers said that they knew how to check tread depth; 70% didn’t know what the legal tread depth was anyway.

Happy checking your tyre pressures at the filling station? Driving there means that although the garage’s gauge may be accurate, your tyres will be warm and give a falsely high reading. The tyres are likely to end up 12 to 15 per cent underinflated.

Racing car and aicraft tyres are filled with nitrogen rather than compressed air. Why? Because in flight, aircraft can encounter temperatures of minus 40 degress Centigrade and frozen moisture in the tyres can cause vibration and balance problems on landing. In a racing car, using nitrogen reduces the tyre pressure variations that can adversely affect lap times.

The lessened amounts of in-tyre moisture and the reduced pressure loss are not enough to make using nitrogen economically viable in road tyres.

The world’s largest tyre manufacturer by volume, with interests in Dunlop and many other regional and second line brands worldwide, is the Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company.

The world’s most prolific tyre maker made 330 million tyres last year. This doesn’t really count as the tyres were for toys and models, also made by the Lego Group!

In the 1964 film ‘Goldfinger’, the scene where the tyre slicer comes out of the rear axle of James Bond’s Aston Martin DB5 was faked. A mocked-up quarter of the car was filmed on a small set. The tyres (and sills) of ‘Tilly Masterson’s’ 1965 Ford Mustang convertible were shredded – but not by the DB5.

Green credentials: Interfloor recycles used car tyres to make Duralay Treadmore high quality crumb rubber underlay. Every 10 seconds one used car tyre is turned into carpet underlay That’s 60,000 tyres a week and approximately three million a year, which would otherwise go into unfriendly landfill.

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

State of Readiness: Are Winter Car Tyres Worth Having?

2009-11-05T04:15:00.000-08:00

Great Britain has a temperate climate. That no one seems to have told the climate about this is by the by: the sort of conditions we experience every year are officially classified as being ‘temperate’. Yet facts are facts and like all of us, our car tyres have to cope with markedly different climatic conditions. In high summer, the mercury can hit the 30-degree mark, in midwinter, it can fall well below zero. Can a single set of tyres handle this? Let’s find out.

In winter, accidents increase by a less-than-modest 267 per cent. This begs the question of what is a winter tyre? More appropriately, what is it about winter tyres that make a difference? Car tyres conform to a given set of physical characteristics – they must, to be safe, legal and functional. However certain elements among these characteristics can be ‘tweaked’ and it is these differences that make a winter tyre.

The first tweak is to the tyre’s compound, the mix of rubber used in its construction. Water freezes when the ambient temperature is low. Car tyres don’t freeze but they harden, especially when the temperature falls to under seven degrees Centigrade. Winter tyres have a softer compound through containing more natural rubber than conventional tyres and this improves their grip in cold conditions. This specifically softer tread element gives a significant reduction in stopping distance. It also has a knock-on effect in performance terms. Because winter tyres offer superior grip, your car’s cornering, acceleration and braking benefit, as does your confidence.

The next point contains a paradox. After all, isn’t it true that car tyres with a softer compound will wear faster? In a word, no. In fact, conventional tyres have a particularly hard time in winter, pun intended. In practice, they wear out up to 20 per cent faster in cold conditions, so winter tyres can save you money. Some suggest that winter tyres’ enhanced grip means that your car’s engine has less work to do than with conventional tyres, so that fuel economy is also enhanced. This may be a moot point but a Finnish tyre maker says of its winter product, ‘Lower fuel consumption by lower rolling resistance, shorter braking distance on wet road, stronger aquaplaning protection and better snow grip are its benefits.’

The final point concerns noise. Winter tyres have a more open tread pattern, the better to clear away mud, snow and ice. This might suggest they give increased road noise when in use. However, most manufacturers claim that their winter tyres are as quiet and comfortable as normal tyres. This makes sense, as the tread compound is significantly softer.

So, are winter tyres a worthwhile investment? The above suggests that they are. Ideally, it would be best to have two sets of tyres, one set for summer use and one set for when the climate forgets to be ‘temperate’. The bottom line is still more telling. Given the use of grit and salt on the roads during a UK winter, it would make a lot of sense to acquire not only a set of winter tyres but also a set of ‘winter wheels’!

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

Elements, My Dear Watson: How To Drive Safely Whatever The Weather

2009-11-04T02:35:00.000-08:00

Here are a few sobering figures. When you’re driving, the grip of your car tyres ultimately determines how quickly it can stop. At 30mph, the tonne or more of moving metal you’re piloting is travelling at 45 feet per second; every second equals 2.8 car lengths. At 70mph, every second’s travel is 105 feet. In ideal conditions, a car travelling at 30 mph takes 75 feet to stop; at 70mph, it’s 105 feet. In wet conditions, the 30mph stopping distance jumps to 120 feet and at 70mph, it’s a whopping 560 feet – that’s 35 car lengths. The strategies for coping when driving in poor conditions aren’t all obvious but the need for them will become so. Read on and learn.

It’s clear that when driving in rain, we need to leave more stopping space, to give your car tyres room to work with their reduced grip. Reducing your speed is a good idea too.

Car tyres have more to deal with than just surface water. If it rains after a long dry spell, the road surfaces’ build up of dirt and diesel, plus water, makes for near skid-pan conditions. Moreover, it isn’t just car tyres that are affected by rain. It’s a fact that vision is compromised on many levels by rain. First, a rain-sodden windscreen isn’t the same as a dry one, regardless of how efficient windscreen wipers have become. Furthermore, any car has areas of unwiped glass. Second, clammier conditions lead to misting up. This can be cleared by demisters and heated windows, but this is rarely instant and it obviously affects vision. Third, heavy rain and the resultant spray compromises vision yet more. Fourth and last, pedestrians tend to shy away from the rain and are unlikely to keep as sharp a lookout as they might.

Apart from attending to the elements of speed, distance and grip, you need to take further care in wet weather. A flood, for example, can cause major problems. Drive into one too fast and your engine could inhale a measure of water. This could do anything from causing it to stop to doing irreparable damage. What’s more, even if you negotiate a flood successfully, you’ll have wet brakes. Apply your brakes lightly until you feel them start to work properly or they won’t be there when you need them. Also, remember that anti-lock brakes let you steer when skidding but won’t necessarily reduce stopping distance as much as you might think. In fact, a June 1999 National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) study found that ABS increased stopping distances on loose gravel by an average of 22 percent.

What about the still worse conditions of ice and snow, and fog. The former requires gentle, intelligent control inputs - you’ll soon find out how gentle you must be. Fog driving is all about vision. Some clearly feel they have magic tyres but the bottom line is if you can’t see or are following too close, you can’t stop in time, period. Remember to use your wipers when the fog droplets build up on your windscreen.

Lastly, it may seem odd to include ideal conditions, i.e. sunny, dry and bright, under defensive driving. If it does, try this. Picture yourself driving west, late in the day. The level sun is in your eyes, your windscreen’s grimy and your view of the road isn’t at all clear. This would be a good time to stop and clean your screen.

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

Just The Ticket: How To Make Sure Your Car Will Pass The MOT Test

2009-11-02T04:15:00.000-08:00

In the colourful parlance of the motor trade, an MOT test certificate is called a ‘ticket’. A tax disc is referred to as ‘money on the glass’ and since you can’t buy the latter without owning the former, making sure your car passes its MOT test is essential to keeping it – and you – on the road. Car tyres, unsurprisingly, are candidates for inspection.

Once your car’s passed its third birthday, an MOT test becomes a yearly occurrence. What is the test for? Easy: it is to ensure that your car meets road safety and environmental standards. Should it not meet them, it’ll fail the test, which can be an expensive shortcoming. However, knowing what is tested helps in making sure a pass is within reach.

Let’s begin with the obvious, the car’s wheels and tyres. The tyres must be the right kind, have no excessive wear or damage and have a minimum of 1.6mm of tread. All the wheel nuts must be present and correctly tightened. Oddly, the spare tyre isn’t subject to inspection.

The car’s wheels and tyres naturally can’t do their job unless the mechanisms that secure and control them are sound. So, the fitness of the suspension and steering components is checked, as are the brakes. For these, testing on rollers is de rigeur. The brakes – handbrake included – must perform efficiently and evenly, within set parameters. The state of the hydraulic components is also tested, so ragged brake hoses and leaking fluid mean a fail.

Dependent on the car’s age and the type of fuel it uses, the car must meet precise emission requirements, and so computerised exhaust sniffing is carried out. Moreover, the exhaust system should be without leaks or holes caused by rust or damage.

While looking at the metalwork, the MOT tester will check the car’s structure. Excessive corrosion, damage or sharp edges are fail points. It’s important that all the strong points in the body, those holding the hardware, must be free of rust and damage.

While considering structural elements, the tester must make sure that the car’s seats are secure in their upright position. Seatbelts must be present and correct in the front and rear, as well as working and in good condition. Next out, as it were, the doors must work properly, and have functional locks. The mirrors must also be present and fully usable – a cracked glass may cause a fail.

The matter of visibility comes next. The car’s windscreen must be free of all but the smallest amount of damage, the windscreen wiper blades must be in good order and the screen washer must work and have an adequate supply of fluid.

Now for the lights. All the lights – indicators and hazard lights included – must be secure, properly aimed and working. This just leaves two legalities, the number plates and the Vehicle Identification Number, or VIN. The ‘plates must be in good shape, legible and have the correct format and, so fancy typefaces and ‘plates modified to read in special way can earn you a fail. The VIN, which you’ll find on any car registered after the 1st August 1980, must be present and readable.

In practice, the four most common MOT failure points are suspension, brakes, lights and, of course, tyres. The checklist above will guide you towards winning an MOT pass, which will save you both hassle and money. However, if in any doubt about any aspect of your upcoming MOT test, it’s advisable to call in the experts. Consult a garage or tyre bay as necessary.

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

Car Tyre Technical Questions and Answers

2009-10-20T07:40:00.000-07:00

The world of car tyres is awash with technical terms. You don’t need to know them but they sometimes come in useful. So try answering the following questions, each of which has only one correct answer. The answers are at the foot of the list and for those planning to scroll down and cheat - we’ll know what you did!

1: What is BS AU159f?

A: The British Standard for puncture repairs to car tyres.
B: The British Standard for puncture repairs to Australian car tyres.
C: A code to access holiday discount vouchers on the Internet.

2: What do the initials RWL stand for?

A: Reprogrammable Warning Lights.
B: Right Wheel Latitude.
C: Raised White Letters

3: What is an aspect ratio?

A: The number of attacks per bird experienced if you bend over in a chicken run.
B: The ratio of a car tyre’s height to its width expressed as a percentage.
C: The ratio of tyre pressure (in lbs per sq. in.) to tyre life (in miles).

4: What is a car tyre’s bead for?

A: Holding it on the wheel rim.
B: Keeping it in balance.
C: Threading on a string.

5: What is a butyl liner?

A: A rubber cruise ship.
B: A fine layer in a tyre that prevents sudden deflation if a puncture occurs.
C: A fine layer in a tyre that makes fitting it easier.

6: What is calendaring?

A: The method of assessing tyre wear per month.
B: Adding markings that denote when a tyre was made.
C: Part of the tyre-making process.

7: What is carbon black?

A: The measurable polluting content of a carbon footprint.
B: The marks left on a snooker table by the last ball to be potted.
C: A filler material used to make grey rubber into black tyres.

8: What is de-vulcanisation?
A: A process of mechanical and chemical decomposition that affects tyres.
B: The post court-martial execution of the first officer of the Starship Enterprise.
C: The final process in tyre manufacture.

9: What is a contact patch?

A: A damp chamois leather pad used with the electric chair.
B: The area of a tyre’s tread in contact with the road at any given time.
C: A place where you go to meet with business associates.

10: What is deformation?

A: An offence you can be sued for?
B: The flexing of a tyre in response to the forces acting on it.
C: The distortion a tyre undergoes during fitment.

11: What is an E Marking?

A: A marking all post-June 1997 tyres carry to show they comply with European requirements.
B: A marking carried by all post-May 1986 tyres to show they may be sold in Yorkshire.
C: A marking all post-July 1990 tyres carry to show their sell-by date.

12: What is a sipe?

A: A medium sized, skulking wading bird with short legs, a long straight bill and poor spelling skills.
B: A tyre-fitter’s contraction of the words ‘stand pipe’.
C: A narrow slit between two blocks in a tyre’s tread, designed to dispel water and enhance grip.

Answers
1A
2C
3B
4A
5B
6C
7C
8A
9B
10B
11A
12C

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

The Specials: Tyres for Unique Tasks

2009-10-19T03:44:00.000-07:00

All car tyres may seem to be the same but they aren’t. Road tyres have different characteristics designed to maximise their performance for specific types of use. However, these differences pale into insignificance when you consider the different tyres offered for competition use.

Take rally car tyres. These must cope with a huge array of surfaces in innumerable different climatic conditions. In addition, rally car tyres usually have to be road legal and must last longer than racing car tyres.

Examining two types of rally car tyre in more detail gives an idea of how the various factors in the tyres interact. Gravel tyres have to clear away the top coating of soft dirt or loose gravel, just as car tyres must clear away rainwater. To do this, they have big, chunky blocks that are made of relatively soft rubber. This lets the tread’s blocks grip while protecting the reinforcing plies that lie beneath them. The tyre tread and carcass’s being rigid enough to resist tearing while being sufficiently elastic to return to their initial shape guarantee toughness and a long life.

Snow/ice tyres can boast an effective grip-enhancing addition. Some can have up to 380 carbide-tipped studs in their tread. This is tough on the surface beneath the tyre but the surface can be tough on the studs themselves. At 75mph, each stud hits the snow or ice 17 times…per second! The impressive part – other than that (most of) the studs are still present when the car stops – is that the car is running on a total of about 50 studs at any one time. The total area the studs offer is about the size of a postage stamp.

In some instances, the tyres have no tread at all. Such tyres are called slicks and are used in drag racing. ‘Top Fuel’ dragsters are the fastest and can reach 330mph in less than 4.45 seconds – the time it takes them to cover the quarter mile. Accelerating faster than the space shuttle launch vehicle or a catapult-launched jet fighter requires as much grip as can be found.

It’s common for all kinds of dragsters to do something memorable. The driver places the car so its rear tyres are sitting in two puddles of water laid down near the start of the drag strip. The driver then applies power, spinning the rear wheels in the water. The immediate result is huge clouds of rubber smoke and steam around the tail end of a car that’s standing virtually still at practically full throttle. Yet this isn’t for show. After a ‘burn out’ like this, the tyres’ tread surfaces are extremely hot and sticky – and therefore grippy.

Often, drag racing car tyres look distinctly soft as the car approaches the start line. This is unsurprising, as the tyre pressure used is around the 12 to 15 psi mark. Why so soft? For two reasons. Soft tyres give better grip but they have another benefit. As the wheels rotate faster, the tyres enlarge. This is like putting bigger wheels on the same car; drivers get a higher top speed from the tyres’ radial expansion.

As you can see, even from just these two forms of motor sport, specialist car tyres are essential. They do what’s asked of them and in doing so, they increase the performance of the car involved in whatever sport is concerned. Think about this the next time you find yourself believing car tyres are all the same!

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

Tread Carefully - Your Car Tyres’ Grip Depends on their Treads

2009-09-21T03:11:00.000-07:00

Here’s something about car tyres that’s both interesting and thought provoking. Take a look at the sole of your shoe. Why? Well, you may not know it like the back of your hand but here, you’re looking at your shoe’s sole for a reason. The area of the sole of your shoe is approximately the same as that of a car tyre’s contact patch, the amount of tread it has on the road at any one time. Multiply this area by four and it represents all that’s stopping your car, and anyone on board, from sliding off into the scenery when travelling.

Now, say your car weighs one tonne. The car tyres’ four contact patches therefore have to keep one tonne on the straight and narrow. Or do they? In fact, they must often cope with greater loads. When you drive round a corner, you feel centripetal force (not centrifugal force) pushing you towards the outside of the car. Your car tyres create this force and while it’s unlikely that your car can create a cornering force of 1g, it might well do so under very heavy braking. So, during accelerationg, cornering and braking, that four shoe soles’ area is coping with keeping you on the road, rain or shine, summer or winter.

The law says that the minimum depth of the tread on your car tyres must be 1.6 millimetres, across the central ¾ of the tread around the complete circumference of the tyre. If you haven’t this amount of tread on your tyres, you might get 3 penalty points on your driving licence and a £2,500 fine. This is per tyre, so multiply it by four for the worst-case scenario.

There is, however, an even worse case scenario that affect car tyres. RoSpa, the Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents carried out some tests. On a hot rolled asphalt surface, a car with barely legal tyres travelled 36.8 per cent further before stopping. On a smooth concrete surface, the same car went 44.6 per cent further. Unsurprisingly, RoSpa recommends tyres be changed when the tread depth falls to 3 millimetres.

There’s another risk that worn car tyres create in the rain. You may have winter tyres, summer tyres, asymmetric tyres or run flat tyres. All have treads and when the treads are badly worn, their contact patches lose their ability to quickly dispose of surface water. When a tyre aquaplanes, it’s riding on a thin film of rainwater it can’t get rid of. Then, you have no appreciable grip and therefore very little control. There’s a memorable black and white picture, taken when Dunlop Tyre’s technical team identified aquaplaning in 1962. In it, a Mark Two Jaguar is shown at speed on a wet test track. White segments painted on its tyres’ walls show that the front tyres aren’t rotating at all – scary. Car tyres may have improved since then but like its cause, aquaplaning remains.

So, running your car tyres down the hilt tread-wise may be economical but it could cost you far more than you thought possible. Happily, you can keep a check on your tyre treads’ health. All tyres have tread wear indicator bars moulded into the tread pattern. When – or preferably a little before – these are no longer lower than the tread surface, it’s new tyre time. You can also buy a tread depth gauge from most motor parts outlets. Failing all else, you can check the tread depth using an old 10 pence piece. The ring of dots around the rim indicates 1.6 millimetres when the edge of the coin is pushed into the remaining tread. However, Matthew Dent didn’t retain this element when designing the ‘Royal Shield’ coins introduced in summer 2008.

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

The Venerable Bead: How the Professionals Change Car Tyres

2009-09-17T08:26:00.000-07:00

In the past, people used to change car tyres by hand. Some still might but this arduous procedure has been semi-automated for a long time. Here’s how professional tyre fitters change a car tyre, using a tyre machine.

As the tyre to be replaced will probably have been in service for a long time, it’ll be reluctant to part from its wheel. The beads, where they abut the wheel, will be firmly stuck and this is where the tyre machine’s first weapon comes into play. After unscrewing and removing the valve to let the air out of the tyre, the fitter will position the wheel in the jaws of the bead breaker. One press of a pedal and the bead is ‘broken’ – separated from its location.

Next, the fitter will lay the wheel flat on the tyre machine, clamping it into place. Since wheels – especially alloy ones – are both delicate and expensive, the equipment is designed to not touch the wheel rims directly. Having levered the upper bead upwards over the wheel rim, the fitter will engage the hooked head of the tyre machine under the bead. Another pedal press sets the machine rotating, to skin the tyre off the upper rim. Repeating this process for the lower bead separates the old tyre from the wheel.

A little preparation of the wheel comes next. The old valve body is sawn off inside the wheel and if necessary, the inner faces of the wheel rims are cleaned. The old wheel balancing weights are removed. Having pulled a new valve into place with a special tool, the fitter will coat the wheel rims and the new tyre’s beads with a special compound. This is a lubricant that eases the fitting process though sometimes, a material with sealing properties may be needed.

The penultimate stage of tyre fitting is essentially the reverse of the removal of the old tyre. The fitter uses the tyre machine to force the new tyre on to the wheel, bead by bead. Finally, a compressed air line is used to inflate the tyre, until its beads pop outwards to seal against the inner faces of the wheel rim. Throughout the process, the tyre fitter has done the controlling, while electricity and compressed air have done the heavy work.

This leaves just the wheel balancing. The fitter will have already positioned the tyre correctly in relation to the wheel, using a coloured dot marking on the tyre. However, balance weights are virtually always required and there’s a machine to help with this task. The tyre fitter will clamp the wheel onto the machine. When the guard is closed and the machine starts, it will take the wheel up to a fixed speed, usually about 200 revolutions per minute.

Using its onboard sensors and electronics, the balancing machine points out where the wheel weights should be fitted and how much they should weigh. Having fitted the weights – stick-on or clamp-on as appropriate – the fitter will run the machine once more, fine-tuning the balance with other weights if necessary.

As we can see, what used to be an hour or more’s hard work is done in minutes. What’s more, if you watch the proceedings from the waiting area, you’ll know exactly what’s happening in the tyre bay!

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

Tyre Approval: Which Type of Car Tyre is Right for Your Needs?

2009-09-14T07:06:00.000-07:00

All car tyres are round, black things with sidewalls and treads, and they need to be inflated from time to time. So, they’re all the same, aren’t they? In fact they aren’t all the same and to say they are is just like saying all houses are the same.

This is about the difference between common aspects and specifics. True, every house has a roof, doors and windows but a two-up, two-down terraced property and a mansion, though they’re both houses, are clearly very different. The same goes for tyres, albeit less obviously. Here, we can consider five distinct types of tyre, and these will illustrate the differences.

Standard or all-season tyres are the most commonly fitted type of car tyre. As their name implies, they’re the jack-of-all-trades of the tyre world. They work well in both dry and wet conditions. They aren’t too noisy on most road surfaces and their fairly hard rubber compound gives them a long life. These factors represent compromises, of a kind that work for most requirements – and for most drivers.

Performance tyres, on the other hand, balance certain factors in order to enhance certain characteristics. Car tyres of this kind don’t last as long as standard tyres but their softer compound yields better grip. Similarly, performance tyres don’t appreciate colder conditions, which is why they’re often called ‘summer tyres’. They also don’t readily suffer significant wear. Performance cars – and demanding drivers – deserve performance tyres.

Winter tyres are car tyres for use when snow and ice are liable to be encountered. These tyres have a more marked tread pattern, which is great for giving the best grip and preventing snow and ice from packing in the treads’ grooves. They are also made using compounds that remain flexible even when thermometers are reading low. Some even have integral metal studs to maximise grip. The costs for these specific characteristics are twofold. First, winter tyres create a lot of noise, even on smooth roads. Second, in normal conditions, they wear very quickly and can damage the road surface. The kind of conditions where you’d need winter tyres are obvious, as is the fact that they can’t be used year-round.

All-terrain tyres are the top of the range tyres for unfriendly conditions. Their big, open, chunky treads can grip on loose surfaces such as gravel and sand. Knowing that such surfaces are liable to be in rough country, manufacturers make all terrain tyres with tougher, stiffer sidewalls so they’re less susceptible to damage from potholes and debris. These tyres are sturdy and generally long-lived, at the cost of a considerable noise level on smooth tarmac. There is a still more specialized tyre for adverse conditions. Mud tyres have an extremely large tread block pattern and are suitable for use only in muddy conditions.

Car tyres of this kind are often used on the kind of four-wheel drive vehicles that are actually taken on rough roads; this includes 4×4s that specifically go off-road regularly.

Finally, run-flat tyres are car tyres that are capable of still being used even though they’re no longer inflated because of a puncture. Now appearing on more and more modern cars, they allow you to retain control of the vehicle despite being at zero pressure. However, they can run flat only for a given distance and at reduced speed – your car’s handbook will have the necessary details.

Which type of car tyres you choose to buy is clearly a ‘horses for courses’ decision, largely depending on what you want from the tyres. However, should you be in any doubt, the staff at any good tyre bay will be happy to give you their professional opinion on what type will be best for you.

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

Ch-Ch-Ch-Changes: How to Change a Wheel Safely

2009-09-11T06:47:00.000-07:00

Car tyres can be punctured and go flat. When it’ll happen is unpredictable, although it’s never at a convenient time, but you can change a wheel quickly and safely. Details follow, assuming you have the necessary equipment; you may wish to acquire some of the items mentioned.

There is a cardinal rule about wheel changing – never attempt it on the hard shoulder of a motorway or busy road. If reasonably close to an exit or turnoff, you can ‘nurse’ your car to a safe spot but if you can’t, call your breakdown service. Trying to change a wheel inches from a busy traffic lane is far too dangerous to contemplate.

Your safe spot needs to have a firm, smooth surface. Park your car, turn on its hazard lights and set up your warning triangle. Then find the equipment you need. Your car will have a jack and wheel nut wrench in its toolkit and the spare wheel will be either in or under the car. The handbook will tell you where the spare lives and how to extract it. Before starting, have any passengers get out of the car and stand well away from the car and passing traffic.

And so to work. Ensure your car’s handbrake is firmly applied and that the car is in gear or, if automatic, is in ‘park’. Then, chock the wheel diagonally opposite to the one you must change. Now to position the jack. Place it exactly where the handbook says – nowhere else will do – and raise the car just enough to check the jack is firmly seated. Remove the wheel trim if one is fitted, cutting through any cable ties retaining it. Alternatively, if there are any, remove the wheel nuts’ caps.

Loosening the wheel fastenings can involve applying considerable force. Ensure the wrench engages completely before starting to turn each fastening – they’re usually loosened anticlockwise. The car’s weight stops the wheel turning and all you do now is slacken the nuts or bolts. Always apply force downwards. You may stand up and press on the wrench with your foot but support yourself against the car. If one fastening is an anti-theft locking nut/bolt; there’ll be a fitting you can use with the wheel wrench to loosen it.

Next, jack the car up until the wheel with the flat tyre is off the ground – and never place any part of you between any part of the car and the ground. Now, remove all but the topmost wheel nut/bolt. Then, you can support the wheel, remove the last nut or bolt and take the wheel off. Note that a wheel and tyre combination can be heavy so make sure you lift it with a straight back and a firm footing.

Now to fit the spare wheel. Lift it into place on the hub, align the nut/bolt holes and fit the topmost one. Turn it finger tight then replace the remaining fastenings, also finger tight. Lower the jack and remove it, then fully tighten the fastenings in a diagonal pattern. You can now put the equipment you’ve used – and the offending wheel and tyre – back where it belongs.

All finished now? Not quite. Nowadays, wheel fastenings must be torque tightened to a specific degree. You also need to check the pressure in the spare tyre, adjusting it if necessary; and of course, have the punctured tyre repaired or replaced. The first two tasks should be carried out as soon as possible, for safety’s sake.

Two further points remain. The first concerns making wheel changing as easy and safe as possible. Refinements exist and you may want to take advantage of them, buying a pair of heavy gloves and a reflective waistcoat, and acquiring anything else you might need. You may also want to practise a wheel change at home, when it’s warm and dry.

The second and final point concerns ‘space saver’ spare wheels. Your car may have one and restrictions of speed (usually 50mph) and distance apply to them. In some cars, after a space saver spare is fitted, some dashboard warning lights may illuminate. Some ABS, traction control and automatic gearbox sensors can be confused by the presence of a space saver spare. Once again, your car’s handbook will tell you about this.

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

How Not To Wear Out Car Tyres

2009-09-07T08:29:00.000-07:00

Knowing how to maximize the life of your car tyres isn’t only a simple way of saving money in the long run. Looking after your car tyres also keeps you safe and legal; being neither can be very costly in more than a financial sense.

Run the tyres at the right pressure

This is a good starting point. Too little pressure wears the edges of the tread prematurely, lets the tyres flex too much and can cause overheating. Too much pressure increases the wear on the centre of the tread. Remember that, comfort and safety aren’t the only issues – running tyres at the wrong pressure is illegal.

Make sure your wheels are properly aligned

Misaligned wheels are another sure-fire tyre killer. Misalignment can make your tyres wear unevenly, wear the inside or outside edges and cause problems with both braking and steering. Moreover, a significant amount of such wear means you’ll have to throw your tyres away far too soon.

Drive sympathetically

Your car may have traction control and ABS but you can still trash the tyres effectively despite them. How? By driving aggressively. Make sure you accelerate as gently as possible whenever you can and use the brakes carefully, not as though every stop is an emergency stop. Don’t forget that unnecessarily hard cornering shortens the life of your tyres. On a front wheel drive car, the front tyres wear more quickly because they have to transmit power to the road, and take steering and braking forces.

Drive slower

Consistently driving fast will wear out your car tyres sooner.

Choose the right tyres

You could get ‘long life’ tyres for your, which wear more slowly though they tend to be a little noisy. Tyres having a softer rubber compound will be nice and quiet and will wear more quickly. Always follow the tyre fitter’s recommendation of the best compromise for your needs.

Always keep your car under cover

All car tyres degrade over time. If you can keep your car in a garage, out of the sun, you can be sure your tyres will last longer. If you see a fine lattice of cracks has appeared in your tyres’ sidewalls after, say, five years, the tyres are unsafe and must be replaced.

Give your tyres a break

Remember that ‘traffic-calming’ measures shorten the life of your tyres but you can help your tyres out by driving intelligently. Always cross speed bumps slowly. Never straddle speed bumps. Instead, make sure that the only wheels on one side of your car pass over them. Keep an eye out for potholes, avoiding them where you can. When parking, make sure you never mount a kerb. Apart from making life easier for your tyres (and your wheels), these actions will prevent your wheels being knocked out of alignment, leading to wear – and possibly worse.

Using these proven top tips means your car tyres will last longer. This means you’ll save money by not having to replace your tyres before their useful life ends.

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

Trivia about Car Tyres - Fun Facts on Wheels

2009-08-24T07:27:00.000-07:00

Car tyres might seem to be pretty mundane things but a little research reveals some fascinating facts and figures about them…

The first inflatable tyre was made of leather

In 1887 John Boyd Dunlop developed the first practical pneumatic tyres; not a car tyres but ones for use on his son’s bicycle. However, his December 1888 patent only lasted two yours – Scottish inventor Robert William Thomson had patented the idea in France 41 years earlier.

Dunlop Tyres is the sole supplier of tyres to British Touring Car Championship for 2003 to 2006 and the V8 Supercars Championship from 2002 onward. The company also supplies tyres to the Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters and the American Le Mans Series.

In 1910, the BF Goodrich Company was the first to extend the life of car tyres by adding carbon black to tyres’ rubber compound.

In 1946, Michelin introduced the first radial car tyre.

Car tyres leave their mark. In the US, nearly 50 million pounds of rubber is worn off tyres every week. That’s enough rubber to make 3.25 million new car tyres.

Americans throw away between 240 and 260 million worn car tyres every year. Car tyres make approximately half a million cubic yards of landfill every year in New York State alone.

Not car tyres but truck tyres this time – it takes half a barrel of crude oil to make just one.

In Australia in July 1964, Donald Campbell set a new land speed record and took the car tyre to a new level. His car, the Bluebird CN7, had tyres 8.2 inches (21cm) wide and 52 inches (1.32 metres) high. Each tyre weighed 50 lbs (23 kg) and was filled with nitrogen at a pressure of 100psi. The car reached 403.10 mph.

A top Formula One pit crew can change all four car tyres and refuel in just 3 seconds.

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

Tyre Hieroglyphics - What Car Tyres Sidewall Markings Mean

2009-08-20T08:46:00.000-07:00

Have you ever noticed that tyres have moulded markings on their sidewalls? You’ll probably have spotted the maker’s name but does the rest mean anything to you? Can you tell what 205/70R14 88 T is all about? Perhaps not yet but understanding these codes could save your life. Why? If they show your tyres aren’t the right ones for your car you can arrange replacements.

We can start by breaking down the example above; the markings denote the tyre size, construction, and load and speed rating. How? Like this…

205 – This is the width of the tyre’s section in millimetres. The section 205 is a little over eight inches wide.

70 – This is the tyre’s aspect ratio, the sidewall’s height expressed as a percentage of its width. Here, the height is 70 per cent of the width. ‘Low profile’ tyres are fashionable so aspect ratio figures go as low as 30. Ultra-low tyres like this give tremendous grip but you pay for it, in a poorer ride quality and very little protection for your wheels against kerbs, potholes and speed bumps.

R – The next letter indicates the tyre’s construction. Here, R means radial.

14 – This next number is also simple. The figure 14 refers to the diameter of wheel the tyre will fit, in inches.

88 – Not so simple but extremely important. This tyre load index is a code for the maximum load capacity of the tyre when driven at its maximum rated speed. The figure 88 denotes a rating of 560 kilograms. Car tyres need to be correctly rated for load.

T - The last letter indicates the tyre’s speed rating. The letter T means the tyre can cope with extended use at a maximum speed of 118 miles per hour. The top speed rating is Z, which appear on tyres for cars capable of maintaining 149mph and above.

There are other tyre sidewall markings but most are for the attention of the tyre fitter. Markings show the tyre complies with EEC, ECE and US regulations. There might be an arrow symbol showing the tyres’ direction of rotation and there’ll be a ‘TWI’ mark indicating where the running surface’s tread wear indicator lies. There will also be a safety warning, perhaps the country of manufacture, whether the tyre is tubed or tubeless, and coloured markers showing the fitter where to fit the tyre in relation to the wheel’s valve.

All these are largely for the fitter’s information but there’s one marking you’re advised to note. The last four digits in the ‘DOT’ code reveal the tyres’ date of manufacture. Four-digit codes began after 2003 so if you see, for example, the code 3 0 0 8, the tyre was made in the 30^th week of 2008. You should never use tyres over 6 years old but a good tyre fitter won’t fit ‘new’ tyres that are beyond their sell-by date.

It’s true that checking your tyre markings could save your life, simply because underrated tyres could fail, especially under high speed/load conditions. The right tyres could save you something else –under-specified car tyres can invalidate your insurance.

For more advice about which car tyre is best for your car then ask our experts at Merityre.co.uk.

Anatomy Class: what a car tyre's made of and how they’re produced

2009-08-12T07:18:00.000-07:00

Your car tyres are all that keep you on the road and in dealing with heat, cold, wet and dry conditions and various surfaces, they have a hard life. Knowing what tyres are made of and how they’re built will help you understand how they cope.

Car tyres are built round an inner liner of halobutyl rubber sheet with additives that help keep air inside the tyre. The next part out is the body ply, which consists of three layers, one of rubber, one of reinforcing fabric and a second layer of rubber. Rayon, nylon, polyester or Kevlar have replaced cotton as the reinforcing fabric and it is the tyre’s one or two body plies that give it structural strength while making it flexible.

Externally, the car tyre’s sidewalls make it resistant to abrasion and chemical attack. Sidewall material includes antioxidants and antiozonants to help maintain strength and flexibility. This goes on in and behind the sidewalls on which you can see the tyre maker’s name and the various code digits that the confirm tyre’s size and rating.

The tyre beads lie at the edges of the sidewalls. They are bands of high tensile steel wire, coated with an alloy of copper or brass to prevent corrosion. The beads, inside their rubber casings, are strong points in tyres. They are what holds it firmly to the wheel and help seal in the air. The apex is the section that joins the bead and sidewall. Triangular in section, it is the cushion between the two.

Now for the belt package, the part that lies beneath the tread. This consists of a two rubber layers sandwiching a layer of steel cords. Here’s where ‘radial’ tyres gets their name; the cords run radially in the package. This steelwork gives the tyre the strength to resist dents from road impacts.

Like the sidewalls, the tread is a visible part of a car tyre. The tread compound is as important as the tread pattern. Tyres made of hard compounds wear well, while softer ones grip the road better. ‘Compromise’ is the watchword.

How are car tyres built? This process starts by wrapping the inner liner, body plies, sidewalls and beads around a special drum. The belt package and tread are then added. During this process, the components are ‘spliced’ together, before the ‘green’ (uncured) tyre is blown up and shaped. These tasks are generally automated.

Now comes the curing process. Though spliced, the various parts of the tyre have yet to be bonded together. This involves applying heat in a mould, to speed the chemical reactions between the different materials. During this stage, a rubber bladder, the equivalent of an inner tube, is used to force the tyre into the mould. Unlike an inner tube, the bladder is filled with steam, hot water or an inert gas. Tyre curing is done at very high pressure – about 350 psi – and at around 350 degrees farenheit. A passenger car tyre can be cured in around 15 minutes. Finally, the tyre is run on a mock road surface, to test for imbalance and local inflexibility. All tyres are visually inspected, some are even X-rayed.

So as this shows, there is more to a car tyre than meets the eye. It’s no wonder car tyres are tough enough for the tough job they have.

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

For the Sake of Your Car Tyres: Wheel Alignment

2009-08-10T06:24:00.000-07:00

Most garages selling car tyres offer a wheel alignment service but not all customers know what this is or what it’s for when they come to buy new tyres. As its name suggests, wheel alignment is to ensure that your car’s wheels are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the ground. Aren’t the wheels like this anyway? They should be but wear and tear, especially that aggravated by speed bumps, can put the wheels out of alignment, as can damage caused by touching a kerb or hitting carriageway debris. Misalignment can cause a braking car to pull to one side or the other, give inaccurate steering and drastically shorten tyre life.

What is involved?

There are usually three factors to be checked and if necessary, adjusted.

The first test is to ensure the wheels are vertical as viewed from the front of the car – this is checking the camber angle.

The second check is slightly more complicated. A car’s front wheels are turned from side to side when you steer. Imagine looking at a front wheel from the side of the car. If you had X-ray vision, you’d see that the steering pivot isn’t vertical but leans back at the top, towards the rear of the car. This is the castor angle, which, if out of adjustment, can cause all manner of strange steering behaviour when you drive.

The third and last check is the tracking. Again looking from the front, the car tyres are usually ‘cross-eyed’, they ‘toe-in’. This is so slight you can’t see it but the setting is important. The tyres are generally set to toe-in so that the when the car is driven, the forces acting on the front wheels and suspension make the front wheels run parallel to one another. If the tyres ‘toe-out’ (think Marty Feldman) through misalignment, or toe-in too much, steering accuracy will suffer and tyre wear will increase. On many cars it’s also possible for the rear wheels to be misaligned.

Should car tyres be worn through misalignment and/or have worn or damaged steering or suspension parts, or even the wrong tyre pressures, correct alignment could be difficult or impossible. The technician will ensure you know about what, if anything, needs adjusting, repairing or replacing.

Man at Work

Wheel alignment used to be achieved with mirrors, weights and string. But such paraphernalia is old hat now; technicians usually use computerised, laser-equipped measuring installations. With these, they can measure and adjust wheel alignment quickly and extremely accurately. So while you enjoy a refreshing cup of tea or visit the shops, your car’s wheels will be aligned with precision, which will extend the life of your car tyres.

What is involved?

How can you keep them this way? Simple – all that’s needed is a little care when you drive. Avoid any debris on the road and watch out for potholes. Take your time over speed pads and straddling speed bumps damages tyres and suspension; drive so that only the wheels on one side of the car go over the bump. Most importantly, when manoeuvring, do not hit kerbs.

Why not drop in to Merityre and get your tyres checked?

Useful 10 Point MOT Checklist

2009-03-20T04:40:00.001-07:00

A useful 10 point checklist to ensure your car passes its MOT first time:

1. Brakes

The car’s brakes are tested on a ‘roller brake tester’ to assess their condition, performance and efficiency. Brakes that ‘lock up’ when applied will fail. Other areas to watch out for are loose brake pedals and signs of leaking brake fluid.

2. Doors and Mirrors

Ensure the doors open and close correctly, from the inside and the outside of the vehicle. Car locks need to work adequately. Wing and rear view mirrors must be present and in good condition. A cracked wing mirror will result in a fail.

3. Exhaust System and Emissions

The car will need to pass specific exhaust emission requirements, depending on its age and fuel type. The exhaust system must not have holes or leaks, often caused by rust.

4. Car Bodywork

Excessive rust corrosion, damage or sharp edges on the car’s bodywork will result in a fail.

5. Wheels and Car Tyres

The tread depth on a car tyre must be a minimum of 1.6mm. The car tyre needs to be the correct type for the vehicle and have no signs of excessive wear or damage. It is recommended to consult a car tyres specialist to check this. Ensure all the wheel nuts are present as any missing will result in a fail. Spare tyres are not tested.

6. Windscreen, Wipers and Washer

The wiper blades need to be in good condition and the windscreen washer must contain fluid. The windscreen cannot have any large cracks and must have clear visibility.

7. Lights and Indicators

All lights and indicators need to work correctly, including the hazard lights. Check that the headlamps dip to the correct angle and are not loose.

8. Seats and seatbelts

Ensure all seats are secure in the upright position. It is compulsory for seatbelts to be fitted in the front and back of a car. They must be the correct type and in good, working condition.

9. Steering, suspension and horn

All three need to be in good condition and work correctly. Make sure the horn is the right type for the vehicle. Ensure the wheels are correctly aligned and the car tyre pressures are correct, as these can affect the vehicle’s steering.

10. Registration Plate and Vehicle Identification Number

The registration plate needs to be in the correct format, legible and in good condition. Every car used after the 1st August 1980 must have its vehicle identification number clearly displayed.

At Merityre.co.uk we have a '10% OFF your next MOT' voucher that can be downloaded from our website.

Best Car Tyres

2009-03-20T04:37:00.000-07:00

Popular motoring magazine Auto Express have published their top 16 car tyres.

After a series of simple assessments in the wet and the dry the car tyres that came out on top were:

1. Goodyear Hydragrip

2. Vredestein Sportrac3

3. Continental Contipremium- Contact 2

4. Michelin Primacy HP

5. Bridgestone Turanza ER300

6. Uniroyal Rainsport 1

7. Toyo Proxes T1R

8. Dunlop Fastresponse

9. BFGoodrich G-Force Profiler

10. Maxxis Victra MA-Z1

11. Kumho Ecsta Sport KU31

12. Fulda Carat Progresso

13. Matador Aquila Evo

14. Hankook Ventus Prime K105

15. Yokohama C.Drive

16. Pirelli P7

For more advice about which car tyre is best for you then ask our experts at Merityre.co.uk.

Basic Legal Requirements for Car Tyres

2009-03-20T04:35:00.000-07:00

Check car tyres regularly for any signs of wear. This is important as they are the only point of contact between a car and the road. Any deterioration of the tread or damage to the sidewalls may be risking an accident.

The basic legal requirements for car tyres are:

a) Tread Depth must be a minimum of 1.6mm. This applies to the entire circumference of the tyre. A bald patch on a tyre, where the tread depth is below the minimum requirement, is against the law. Check a tyre after a skid or emergency braking as this is when bald patches can occur.

b) Tyres must be inflated to the correct pressure. Consult the vehicle manufacturer's handbook to find the recommended pressure. Not only is this a legal requirement, it improves the vehicle's handling and reduces fuel consumption.

c) All four car tyres must be compatible and in good condition. If a car tyre needs replacing it will need to be in the same condition as the others otherwise all four will need to be changed.

View are website at Merityre.co.uk for handy hints about car tyres.

7 Factors That Affect The Rate Of Car Tyre Wear

2009-03-20T04:34:00.001-07:00

Factors that can affect the rate of car tyre wear include:

1. Make of Car Tyres

Every car tyre is designed differently to meet specific criteria. Long life tyres are made from a harder rubber compound. This can increase the noise when driving. A softer tyre compound will be quieter but will wear out faster. A car tyre specialist such as Merityre can offer advice on the different types of car tyre.

2. Position of Car Tyre

Front tyres wear out faster than back tyres, especially if the car is front wheel drive. The extra wear is caused by the movement through steering. On a four wheel drive vehicle the front car tyres should exceed 20,000 miles. This is half the expected life of the back tyres.

3. Weight of Vehicle

The heavier the vehicle the faster the car tyres wear.

4. Tyre Pressure

A car tyre that is inflated below its recommended pressure will wear faster because of its higher operating temperature and the extra flexing of the rubber. Over inflation can also increase wear due to the decreased size of the contact area between the tyre and the road.

5. Speed

Driving at high speeds increases the car tyre temperature and accelerates the wear.

6. Car Tyre Alignment

Incorrect alignment of car tyres causes uneven and increased wear.

7. Driving Style

Aggressive cornering, accelerating and braking excessively are all causes of car tyre wear.

One factor that is unavoidable is time. Tyres deteriorate naturally over time due to the effects of the weather. Car tyres on vehicles kept outside will degrade faster than those kept in a garage. Cracking due to sunlight exposure usually becomes evident on car tyres that are five years or older. When this happens, as with any signs of wear, replace the car tyre immediately.

Visit our Special Offers at Merityre.co.uk to see how much you can save off your next car tyres.

Ten Creative Ideas for Reusing Old Car Tyres at Home

2009-03-20T04:31:00.000-07:00

There are ways we can reuse car tyres at home rather than sending them to specialist disposal companies. Here are 10 great ideas:

1. Raised Beds
Car tyres are ideal for creating a raised bed for planting flowers, herbs or vegetables. A single tyre works well for lettuce and herbs. Use two or three tyres to grow potatoes.

Paint the car tyre bright colours to create a wonderful display when planting flowers.

2. Resoling Shoes
Use the rubber from the car tyre to resole shoes. It is very hard wearing.

Alternatively add a piece of leather and create a pair of sandals or flip flops.

3. Car Tyre Swing
Most people have memories of playing on a tyre swing when they were young.

Just use some strong rope and securely attach the car tyre to a sturdy tree branch for hours of fun.

4. Boat Bumper
Boat owners can attach the car tyres to the boat's sides, to act as protective bumpers. Very useful when docking a boat.

5. Children's Playground
Rather than spending a fortune on equipment from a garden centre, use a little imagination, some old wooden planks and a few car tyres to create a great adventure playground for the children.

6. Forcing Rhubarb
Forcing Rhubarb (growing rhubarb in dark conditions) has been practised since the early 19th century. It produces vibrant pink rhubarb that is far more delicate in flavour than the usual variety.

Place two or three car tyres around the plant just before it starts emerging from the ground. Cover the tyres with a piece of wood to create a warm, dark environment. From December to the end of March you will be enjoying succulent and sweet early rhubarb.

7. Sand Pits
Large tractor tyres are perfect for making a sandpit for the children. Just buy the special sand from a garden centre and fill the tyre.

8. Mini Greenhouse
Cover the car tyre with a piece of clear polythene to create a mini greenhouse or propagator. The thick rubber wall of the tyre is excellent insulation for creating a warm environment to germinate seeds.

9. Table
Place a flat piece of wood on top of two or three tyres for an easy to assemble table, suitable for the indoors or outside. Paint the tyres for a better effect.

10. Composter or Wormery
Three or four tyres stacked together create a simple composter. The warm environment created by the car tyres will make short work of composting kitchen waste and grass clipping. Access the compost by removing one tyre at a time from the top.

Car tyres maybe essential when driving a vehicle but they are also extremely useful around the home and garden.

Merityre.co.uk are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Visit their website for free vouchers, including 10% off your next MOT, free wheel alignment check and free locking wheel nuts.

Check Tyre Pressures to Save Fuel

2009-03-20T04:29:00.001-07:00

Car tyres inflated to their correct tyre pressure can save the motorists up to 10% on their fuel bill. But a survey by TyreSafe reveals many are ignoring this advice.

The survey coincides with the start of Tyre Safety Month; a campaign to highlight the dangers of driving without the correct tyre pressures.

Maintaining the car manufacturer's recommended tyre pressure can:

1) Increase safety by improving the vehicle's braking, steering and accelerating performance.

2) Prolongs the life of car tyres.

3) Save money by reducing fuel consumption. Under inflated tyres have a larger contact patch with the road surface, which increases drag and causes the car engine to work harder.

4) Have a positive environmental impact by reducing the number of tyres that need to be disposed of and reduce harmful gas emissions from the car engine.

TyreSafe's advice is to check air pressures at least once a month and always before a long journey. Motorists should use the manufacturer's recommended tyre pressure. This can be found in the vehicle's handbook or on a plate inside the fuel filler flap.

While checking air pressure conduct a visual inspection of the car tyre to ensure it is in good condition. Look for cracks or unusual bulges. Stones lodged in the tyre tread should be removed. If in any doubt about the tyre's condition consult a specialist such as Merityre for a free car tyre check.

It's a legal requirement to maintain a tread depth of a minimum 1.6mm in a continuous band throughout the central three-quarters of the tread width and over the whole circumference of the tyre. Most tyres have a tread wear indicator. Look for a horizontal bar of rubber located between the tread patterns, at a depth of 2mm. When the height of the tread wears down to the height of this bar it is time to replace the car tyres.

Other tips suggested by TyreSafe include:

1) Check the pressures when the car tyres are cold.

2) Adjust the car tyres pressure when travelling with increased weight from passengers or a heavy load. Towing a trailer or caravan will also require the pressures to be increased. The vehicle's handbook will advise on the correct tyre pressure required.

3) Don't forget to check the pressure of the spare tyre.

4) Ensure the pressure gauge used is reliable and accurate.

5) Always replace the dirt free valve cap.

Rob Beddis, TyreSafe chairman, says; 'By taking just a few minutes every month to check the pressure of each tyre and adjust it to the recommended level, significant improvements to road safety will be made and motorists could also save money through reducing fuel consumption.'

For more information about the TyreSafe campaign visit their website at http://www.tyresafe.org/.

Five Facts About Car Tyres

2009-03-20T04:24:00.000-07:00

There are several different types of car tyres, not just budget or expensive. The type of tyre you choose depends on factors such as the vehicle's make, the desired performance, how you drive your car and the driving conditions.

Five different tyre classifications are:

a) All Weather
b) Wet Weather
c) All Terrain
d) Mud
e) Performance

A wet weather tyre will handle the harsher conditions of winter better than a performance tyre, which is suited to summer driving.

The tyre types differ in the rubber compound used (soft or hard) and the tread patterns. These can affect driving in terms of grip, performance, tyre noise and wear. For instance All Terrain tyres have large tread block patterns that are very noisy on normal roads but have great grip when driving off road.

If in doubt about which type of car tyre is best for you then contact us at Merityre for advice.

2. Over 40 million car tyres are disposed of by tyre retailers, garages and vehicle dismantlers every year. Responsible companies pay for the tyres to be disposed of in an environmentally friendly fashion.

A 2006 EU directive banned the disposal of almost all tyres in landfill sites. Many are re-used after having new tread applied. Others are shredded and used in carpet underlay or for road re-surfacing. An emerging market is energy recovery. It is hoped that tyres could partially replace coal as a fuel source for many industries.

Car tyres can be re-used at home in the garden. Ideas include as a raised bed for planting flowers or herbs, a basic composter, as part of a children's playground or the old favourite- a car tyre swing.

3. Car tyres inflated to the vehicle manufacturer's recommended pressure can improve fuel economy by 10%.

Under inflated tyres increase the rolling resistance on the road and if one tyre is a different pressure to the others an imbalance is created. It makes the car engine work harder, using more fuel.

4. The legal minimum tread depth for a car tyre is 1.6mm. This applies to the entire circumference of the tyre. Most tyres have a tread wear indicator built into them. It is a horizontal bar of rubber located between the tread patterns, at a depth of 2mm. When the height of the tread wears down to the height of this bar it is time to consider replacing your car tyres.

5. New car tyres need running in. A new car tyre is formed in a mould which is lined with a non stick coating. The coating is needed to be able to remove the tyre from the mould. It creates a wonderful shiny appearance on a new tyre but also reduces grip. It can take up to 500 miles to scrub the coating from the tyre. During this time it is advised to take extra care when driving fast, on corners or bends and driving in the wet.

Visit our website at Merityre.co.uk for free vouchers, including 10% off your next MOT, free wheel alignment check and free locking wheel nuts.

Five Ways Your Driving Style Can Reduce Car Tyre Wear

2009-03-20T04:22:00.001-07:00

It is not just fuel consumption that your driving style has an impact on. The rate of tyre wear can be directly linked to the way your car is driven.

Here are five ways your driving style and habits can reduce car tyre wear:

1. Careful cornering

Aggressive cornering will cause extra wear on your car tyres. If you corner harder one way than you do the other way, then expect to get uneven wear on your car tyres. It also puts unnecessary stress on key components of your car's steering and suspension mechanism, helping to wear them out faster too.

2. Gradual acceleration

Accelerating hard from a standing start will put extra wear on your car tyres, especially the front tyres, which wear out faster than the back ones in any case. It also puts strain on your car's drive shaft and gearbox, as well as several other components. All of these parts are expensive to replace.

3. Keep to the speed limits

Driving regularly at high speed will help to wear out your car tyres faster than if you travel at a more reasonable speed. At high speeds the temperature of tyres increases. This wears out car tyres faster.

4. Avoid hard braking

Braking hard places the entire load onto the front tyres, which helps to accelerate wear. It also wears out brake pads faster and puts all kinds of stresses on the whole car. Of course you will need to brake hard in an emergency; that's what the brakes are for, but remember to go easy when you don't have to.

5. Maintain recommended car tyre pressures

A car tyre that is inflated below its recommended pressure will wear faster because of its higher operating temperature and the extra flexing of the rubber. Over inflation can also increase wear due to the decreased size of the contact area between the tyre and the road.

Driving with unequal pressures in your car tyres will lead to increased wear. It can be potentially dangerous as the balance of the car is upset and cornering with unevenly pressurised tyres can lead to unpredictable results.

Visit us at Merityre. Our tyre specialists will be able to inspect your tyres to ensure their road worthiness and provide advice on how to adjust your driving style based on their wear.

Five Important Winter Car Care Checks

2009-03-20T04:19:00.001-07:00

1) The condition of your car tyres is particularly important. They are the only contact that your car has with the road. Your car tyres will have to work extra hard when the road is wet or icy, to give maximum traction and control.

Car tyres should have a good tread and as little wear as possible. Think about changing to winter car tyres when conditions demand it.

The alignment of your wheels is another thing you should consider as part of your winter car care checks. Wheels that are out of alignment will create unnecessary wear on your car tyres, which will cause extra steering problems when driving on wet or icy roads.

2) You should regularly check the engine coolant level. Add the correct mixture of anti-freeze before you need it to protect your engine from possible frost damage. Add the proper proportions of anti-freeze to the windscreen washer as well. This allows you to wash your screen even when temperature falls below freezing.

Check the engine oil levels on a weekly basis using the dipstick. It is important to maintain the oil level between the minimum and maximum marks indicated. The best time to check the oil level is when the engine is cold.

3) The pressures of your car tyres are important. Maintaining the recommended pressure improves a car tyre's performance in difficult driving conditions.

Remember to check the spare tyre's pressure and tread depth. Make sure that it is a similar condition to the other tyres or is adequate to use for a short period of time, until the damaged tyre can be repaired or replaced.

4) Your car lights are important, especially in winter when there is reduced daylight and much of your driving will require the lights to be used. Check that all bulbs are working properly. It is best to carry spares, as well as the tools to replace them. Have the alignment of your lights checked at a garage to give yourself the maximum vision possible, and to prevent blinding other drivers.

5) Check the condition of your windscreen wipers. Make sure they clean the screen adequately to allow a clear view of the road. If in doubt then replace them; it is not expensive to do.

If you are not comfortable doing the checks yourself, a local car garage will be able help. They will inspect the car to make sure everything is in good working order, ready to endure the adverse weather condition and the darker nights that the winter season brings.

As an extra precaution there are some items that are useful to carry in your boot at all times. A reflective jacket, shovel, tow rope, jump leads, water and extra screen wash will help in most situations. And a warm coat, gloves, boots and some biscuits will certainly be appreciated if your car breaks down in an isolated location.

Call in to Merityre and we will check your car tyres for free.

Top 5 Classic James Bond Cars

2009-03-20T04:17:00.001-07:00

The latest Bond car for the film "Quantum of Solace" is the Aston Martin DBS. Low-profile 20inch car tyres, smooth lines and curves, flared wheel arches and an overstated front grill; it is the epitomy of British cool with which to save the world.

The Aston Martin's 6.0-litre V12 engine has a distinctive throaty roar that is capable of 0-62mph in 4.3 seconds and has a top speed of 191mph.

This has to rate as one of Bond's best looking cars but to compare I have compiled a list of 5 other classic Bond cars:

1) Recently voted the most iconic car of all time, the Aston Martin DB5 appeared in 'Thunderball', 'Goldfinger' and more recently 'Casino Royal'.

It was originally introduced in 1963. Its film debut was in the 1964 Goldfinger, starring alongside Sean Connery. Its distinctive silver livery, streamlined bodywork and large front grill was new for its time.

However the aesthetically pleasing body hid a vast array of lethal surprises to confound even the most troublesome of Bond's enemies. You may remember a scene in Goldfinger where one rear brake light spurted oil onto the road. And the other released triple-spiked nails to burst the car tyres of the pursuing villains.

Other clever features devised by Q included a revolving licence plate, an exhaust that expelled smoke-screen canisters and wheel hubs that revealed knives to slash car tyres.

2) The white Lotus Elite used by Roger Moore in 1977 'The Spy Who Loved Me' surprised everyone with its ability to be driven underwater.

In an attempt to escape a pursuing helicopter the Lotus was driven off a pier into the sea. At the time you would have thought this was the end for the car. But with typical Bond creativity the car tyres retract and it was transformed into an operational submarine, complete with fins and a periscope. The persistent helicopter soon meets its demise with a missile fired from the car beneath the water.

3) The 1987 film 'The Living Daylights' saw a return to the Aston Martin. This Aston Martin V8 had a powerful engine to compliment its macho looks. It used a fuel injection system that replaced carburetion. Due to the compact nature of this new technology the car could be designed with a flat bonnet, unlike the curved bonnets of its predecessors.

As with any Bond car there were a number of clever additions including self retractable spikes in the car tyres for extra grip on icy surfaces, lasers behind the front hubcaps and missile launchers behind the headlights.

4) It was bold move not to use a British manufactured car in the 1999 'The World Is Not Enough' but BMW Z8 soon won over the Bond fan. Its retro styling and red leather interior was backed up by a 400-horsepower V8 engine that had a top speed of 158mph.

Hidden accessories included missile launchers in the side vents and a windscreen that displayed important data. The car could be operated remotely using the key chain.

5) The Aston Martin was back in the 2002 'Die Another Day' starring Pierce Brosnan. This time it was the V12 Vanquish, sometimes referred to as 'a DB9 on steroids'.

The classic styled V12 nearly met its match when confronted with the villain's Jaguar XKR. But the front mounted Gatling gun, rocket launchers in the doors and bombs in the boot soon put paid to that.

Two other clever features, which eventually won the battle for Bond, were the car's ability to become invisible and the spikes hidden in the car tyres. The latter helped the car drive up an ice wall to avoid the fast approaching enemy, causing the Jaguar to have a unceremonious demise at the bottom of a lake.

As wonderful as the Bond cars are, thankfully features like spikes in car tyres have not become common place on our modern vehicles. If they ever do be sure to consult a specialist before changing a punctured car tyre.

Visit our website at Merityre.co.uk to join our discount club and receive a fabulous 5% extra discount off future purchases from their massive range of top brand car tyres, alloy wheels, batteries and exhausts.

Five Different Types of Car Tyres

2009-03-20T04:15:00.001-07:00

1) Standard/ All Season Tyre
Your car was probably driven out of the factory on all season tyres. It is an average tyre that is suitable for all year round use. It works equally well in the wet and the dry.

The tread block pattern is designed not to be noisy when used on standard roads but enables adequate water dispersion to provide grip in wet conditions.

The rubber used is a harder compound to extend the tyre's life. This can comprise on handling and cornering but for the majority of drivers it is not noticeable.

2) Performance Tyre
Also known as summer tyres, performance tyres are designed for provide excellent grip in the dry. Often used on fast cars or for a driver whose style requires increased handling performance. They can be used all year round if you live in a region with a warm climate and little rain.

A soft rubber compound is used which decreases the lifespan of the tyre but provides enhanced grip.

It is important that the car tyres are kept in excellent condition. Driving in the wet is hard enough with these tyres but if there is any sign of wear it is virtually impossible to get good grip.

3) Winter Tyre
Winter car tyres are designed to cope with the poor weather and difficult driving conditions that the winter season brings. They can handle snow and ice. Winter tyres can have small metal studs embedded into the tread for extra grip in extreme conditions.

The tread block pattern on winter car tyres is larger and more pronounced than on standard tyres. This improves grip but also increases the tyres' operating noise.

These tyres cannot be used all year round because in dry conditions they wear out extremely quickly and damage the road surface.

4) All Terrain Tyre
All terrain tyres provide good grip on loose surfaces such as dirt and sand. Often used by off road vehicles, they can be used on standard roads but are very noisy.

Like the winter tyre the tread block pattern is large to improve grip. The tyre's sidewalls are stiffer to cope with uneven surfaces and unexpected potholes.

Mud tyres are an extreme type of all terrain tyres, designed to be used in mud and dirt. They have very large tread block patterns that are only suitable for driving on that type of terrain.

5) Run Flat Tyres
Run flat tyres are a relatively new concept but are now becoming more common on new cars. They are designed to minimise the loss of handling that occurs after a puncture.

The car tyre can operate without air to enable the vehicle to continue to be driven. However this is only suitable for a short distance and at a reduced speed, until the tyre can be safely changed.

For further advice consult Merityre.co.uk. We will provide you with impartial advice on the best tyres for your vehicle.

Three Essential Car Tyre Safety Checks

2009-03-20T04:13:00.000-07:00

Three essential winter car tyre checks include:

1) Check the Tread Depth

Tread depth must be a minimum of 1.6mm. This is the legal minimum and applies to the entire circumference of the tyre.

Most tyres have a wear indicator built into the tread. Look for a horizontal bar of rubber located between the tread patterns, at a depth of 2mm. When the height of the tread wears down to the height of this bar it is time to replace your car tyres.

In the wet conditions that winter brings it is good advice to change your tyres well before they reach this limit. A tyre's grip deteriorates more rapidly in the second half of its tread life and in the wet stopping distances is significantly increased.

If you notice unusual wear on your car tyre, such as excess wear on one edge, it may be a result of your wheels being incorrectly aligned. Consult your local garage or a tyre specialist to check your vehicle's tracking.

2) Check Tyre Pressure

A car tyre that is inflated below its recommended pressure will wear faster because of its higher operating temperature and the extra flexing of the rubber. This causes deterioration of the tyre casing and rapid wear of the tread shoulders.

Over inflation can also increase wear due to the decreased size of the contact area between the car tyre and the road. This accelerates the wear in the centre of the tread, an area importantant for protecting the tyre against impact damage.

Driving with unequal pressures in your car tyres will lead to unusual and accelerated wear. It can be potentially dangerous as the balance of the car is upset and cornering with unevenly pressurised tyres can lead to unpredictable results.

3) Check Condition of Tyres

Remove any stones and other objects embedded in a car tyre's tread. If you find a nail do not remove it as the tyre will rapidly deflate. Instead take the tyre to a specialist who may be able to repair the puncture.

Check for any unusual bulges or lumps as these are often a sign of internal damage.

Inspect the tread and sidewall rubber for sign of cracking. Crazing and cracking due to weather exposure usually becomes evident on car tyres that are more than five years old. However tyres on vehicles that are parked outside will degrade faster than those kept in a garage.

At the first sign of cracking change the car tyre rather than risking a blowout when the vehicle is in motion.

Car tyres should be checked at least once a month. Regular inspection becomes more important the longer the tyre is in use.

Pop into a Merityre garage at any time for a FREE winter car tyre check. We are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres.

Visit Merityre.co.uk to join our discount club and receive a fabulous 5% extra discount off future purchases from our massive range of top brand car tyres, alloy wheels, batteries and exhausts.

How to Change a Car Tyre

2009-03-20T04:08:00.000-07:00

1) Find a safe place to stop, on flat ground. If it's dark look for somewhere with adequate lighting. Park as far away from traffic as possible and put your hazard lights on.

2) Turn the engine off, pull the handbrake on and put the car into first gear or 'park' if it's an automatic.

3) Find the tools for the job. These will include a jack, wheel wrench and the spare tyre. All are usually located in the boot of a car.

4) Remove the hubcap or plastic wheel cover using the flat end of the wheel wrench or a screw driver.

5) Loosen the wheel nuts by turning half a turn in an anti clockwise direction. Do NOT remove them. That happens at a later stage.

Tight wheel nuts can be the hardest part of changing a car tyre. If the wheel nuts are proving stubborn use a metal tube to extend the wheel wrench's handle and provide extra leverage. Alternatively place one foot on the handle of the wheel wrench and carefully use your body weight until the nut is loosened.

Many cars have a locking wheel nut to prevent theft. This requires a special attachment which is often found in a car's glove compartment.

6) Consult the vehicle's handbook to find where to place the jack. This is important because if it's put in the wrong place the car could slip off the jack and cause serious injury.

Look for a reinforced lip on the underside of the vehicle close to the wheel arch.

When the jack is securely attached raise the car until there is enough room to remove the punctured tyre and replace it with the fully inflated spare.

7) Now continue to remove all of the wheel nuts and place them somewhere safe nearby- not near an open drain! Remove the punctured car tyre and replace with the spare tyre.

8) Replace and tighten the wheel nuts. Don't try to hard to tighten them until the car is off the jack.

9) Slowly lower the car down off the jack. Now tighten the nuts again. Remember to return the jack and the wheel wrench to the boot of the car.

10) Replace the hubcap or plastic wheel cover and continue with your journey.

If in any doubt about your tyre changing ability, call into to your local branch of Merityre. We provide a free check for all your car tyres.

Visit our website at Merityre.co.uk to join our discount club and receive a fabulous 5% extra discount off future purchases from our massive range of top brand car tyres, alloy wheels, batteries and exhausts.

Ten Ways to Reduce Your Motoring Costs

2009-03-20T04:07:00.001-07:00

Here are ten suggestions:

1. Don't use your car for short trips
An obvious point to start with but probably the simplest way to save money. Even if it's a chilly morning, put a thick coat on and walk to the newsagents at the end of your road. A cold car engine uses far more fuel travelling short distances than it does on a long journey.

2. Research before buying car insurance
Rather than just renewing your old policy shop around to see what money you can save. Price comparison websites make this very easy to do and you will be amazed how much the quotes can vary.

3. Drive with care
Sudden acceleration and sharp braking will increase fuel consumption. The wear to your car tyres will also be increased, hastening the time when they need to be replaced.

4. Switch off the air conditioning
Use air conditioning only when really necessary. It can increase fuel consumption by 11%.

5. Use higher gears
Fuel economy can be improved by up to 20% if you are driving in fifth rather than third. Be careful not to accelerate too quickly into fifth as this will ruin all the benefit of driving in this gear.

6. Close windows and remove roof rack
If you are reading this article in winter, keeping your windows closed will not be an issue. But you may have left a roof rack on after a weekend away. This needs to be removed. Open windows and items such as roof racks adversely affect the aerodynamics of a car, increasing fuel consumption.

7. Plan journey before setting out
Extra journey miles, increased fuel consumption and driver frustration are all a result of not knowing the best route to your destination before setting out on a journey.

If you are planning a long trip try to use the motorways; there will be less stopping and starting which will improve the car's fuel economy and reduce wear on your car tyres.

Always plan the shortest route. It may not be the most scenic but it will be the most cost effective.

8. Keep to the speed limit
It has been proven that driving at the speed limit significantly reduces fuel consumption, especially on the motorways. The difference between 70mph and 80mph is considerable. In some cars it can be up to 5 miles per gallon.

9. Car sharing
Consider sharing a car on your commute to work or if travelling to an out of town retail park. Not only will this reduce your motoring costs, it's also a lot more fun having someone to chat to.

10. Check car tyre pressures
By spending an extra 5 minutes at the petrol station checking your car tyres are inflated to the manufacturer’s recommended pressure, fuel economy can be improved by 10%.

Soft car tyres increase the rolling resistance on the road, making the car engine work harder and using more fuel. If one car tyre is a different pressure to the rest then there is an imbalance which will also increase fuel consumption.

By maintaining correct car tyre pressures money can be save in other ways including:

a) Increasing the life of the car tyres; under-inflated tyres wear out faster.
b) Improving a car’s performance, especially braking and road handling.
c) Avoiding a fine of up to £2,500 if you are caught with unroadworthy car tyres.

For more advice contact your local Merityre branch.

Three Reasons Why You Should Change To Cold Weather Tyres This Winter

2009-03-20T04:05:00.001-07:00

Although the ideal situation is to have two sets of car tyres, 'summer' and 'winter', cost can prevent this. Today's cold weather tyres have been developed to deliver the best possible performance and safety during colder months but with no significant downside if they are used during the summer months. Cold weather car tyres are just as quiet and comfortable as normal tyres.

Three reasons to change are:

1) Safety

Probably the best reason for changing your car tyres. Did you know that the number of accidents caused by wet road conditions increases in winter by 267%.

The changes in weather conditions in the UK can be extreme. In the summer it is not unusual to have temperatures in the high 20's. And then winter brings freezing temperatures and wet weather.

As its name suggests, a cold weather car tyre is designed to cope with the cold and wet weather of winter. The tread compound contains more natural rubber than a standard tyre, which prevents it hardening when the air temperature falls below 7C. This means grip is improved with cold weather car tyres and you'll experience significantly shorter stopping distances.

2) Performance

With the extra grip that a cold weather tyre provides you'll experience better driving performance.

Cold weather car tyres improve braking, cornering and acceleration. It gives you more confidence as a driver that your car is performing to its best ability on poor road surfaces.

Think of cold weather tyres as a pair of shoes. On an icy morning you wouldn’t go out in a pair of smooth, leather soled shoes, but would probably opt for the extra grip that a pair of trainers can provide. The same is for a tyre; your car's shoes!

3) Economy

Cold weather car tyres can save you money in two ways; by improving fuel economy and by reducing car tyre wear.

Fuel economy is improved by the improved performance of your car. Without the extra grip that a cold weather car tyre provides, the engine has to work harder and fuel consumption is increased.

The wear on normal tyres increases in the difficult driving conditions that winter brings. With cold weather car tyres this wear is significantly reduced and mileage can be improved by up to 20%.

Contact us at Merityre for more advice about cold weather tyres. Our website at http://www.merityre.co.uk/ has the details.

Choosing the Right Car Tyres for Your Vehicle

2009-03-20T03:47:00.000-07:00

Five factors to consider:

1) Car Tyre Size

A good policy is to choose the same size car tyres as the ones that the car was manufactured with. If you are unsure of the vehicle manufacturer's recommended car tyre size, check the owner's manual or look for the information on the tyre placard (usually located inside the fuel flap, on the car door or in the glove box).

Changing car tyre size can improve a vehicle's handling and performance but be aware of the Government regulations before doing this. A car tyre specialist can provide advice on this matter.

2) Driving Habits

Certain car tyre brands are quieter than others, which is an important factor if you spend much of your time driving up and down motorways.

Driving on county lanes where the road surface can be muddy or slippery will require car tyres that can provide extra grip. This is usually determined by the tyre manufacturer's choice of tread pattern.

Or you may be a city driver who constantly has to brake and accelerate. Some car tyres are better suited to this style of driving than others because of the type of rubber compound used in their production.

3) Price

The saying "you get what you pay for" is true with a car tyre. But if you use your car infrequently don't buy the top of the range car tyres as economy tyres will be more than suitable for your needs.

If you use your car every day, spending extra on better quality tyres may prove more economical as they shouldn't wear out as fast as a budget tyre.

4) Car Tyre Type

Car tyres don't only differ by brand and price; there are different types of car tyres produced for a variety of purposes. Five common types are:

a) Standard/ All Season Tyre
An average tyre that is suitable for all year round use. It works equally well in the wet and the dry.

b) Performance Tyre
Designed to provide excellent grip in the dry. Often used on fast cars or for drivers whose style requires improved handling performance.

c) Winter Tyre
Winter car tyres are designed to cope with poor weather and difficult driving conditions. The tread block pattern on winter car tyres is larger and more pronounced than on standard tyres.

d) All Terrain Tyre
All terrain tyres provide good grip on loose surfaces such as dirt and sand. Often used by off road vehicles, they can be used on standard roads but are very noisy.

e) Run Flat Tyres
Run flat tyres are a relatively new concept but are becoming more common on new cars. They are designed to operate without air to enable the vehicle to continue being driven when it has a puncture.

5) Weather Conditions

The UK weather conditions can be very changeable. Summer can have temperatures in the high 20's. And then winter brings freezing temperatures, icy conditions and wet weather.

Cold weather car tyres are becoming a popular choice as they are designed to cope with the cold and wet weather of winter but with no significant downside if used during the summer months.

Standard or performance car tyres are suitable in countries with a warm and dry climate all year round.

Contact us at Merityre.co.uk for more advice.

How to Drive in Heavy Rain & Floods

2009-03-20T03:44:00.000-07:00

Even today's modern road surfaces struggle to cope with a heavy downpour and standing water is a potential hazard. Try to avoid standing water and slow down. If you don't there is a high risk of the car aqua planning.

Aqua planning occurs when the car tyre's tread pattern is unable to disperse enough water to maintain a point of contact between the tyre and the road. This makes the vehicle uncontrollable with the loss of steering, grip and a sensation of driving on ice. It can be a very frightening event as I'm sure anyone who has experienced it will agree. The best advice when it happens is to hold your steering wheel lightly and lift off the accelerator until your car tyres regain their grip.

If you're unlucky enough to break down in heavy rain, stay with your car but check you are not in a location that is at risk of flash flooding. Your engine may have been affected by the water and in many cases the car will restart when it has had a chance to 'dry out'. If you have called for assistance do not prop the bonnet open until help arrives. This will cause the electrics to become rain-soaked and the car will be even harder to restart.

The rain may be so heavy that you experience a flooded road. The AA provides some good advice about how to deal with this:

1. Do not drive through flooded water unless you know how deep it is.

2. Stay in the middle of the road. This is known as the crown of the road and should be where the flood water is shallowest.

3. Drive slowly to avoid creating a bow wave, which can cause neighbouring houses to be flooded.

4. Pass one vehicle at a time through flood water. Allow the oncoming traffic to pass first.

5. Do not risk driving through fast moving water as your car can easily be swept away.

6. Driving at speed through a flood can cause expensive damage. Even a small quantity of water sucked into the engine through the air intake will cause serious damage.

7. As you drive through the flood water, keep the engine revving by slipping the clutch. This prevents water in the exhaust which may stall the engine.

8. Test your brakes as soon as you leave the water.

Car tyres in good condition will be able to cope with most wet driving surfaces. But with heavy rain or a sudden downpour extra care must be taken to avoid a possible accident or injury.

Call in to your nearest Merityre garage for a FREE car tyre check.

Ten Top Car Tyre Tips

2009-03-20T03:40:00.000-07:00

Regularly check car tyre pressures. By spending an extra 5 minutes at the petrol station checking your car tyres are inflated to the manufacturer’s recommended pressure, fuel economy can be improved by 10%.

A car tyre that is inflated below its recommended pressure will wear faster because of its higher operating temperature and the extra flexing of the rubber. This causes deterioration of the tyre casing and rapid wear of the tread shoulders.

Over inflation can also increase wear due to the decreased size of the contact area between the car tyre and the road. It accelerates the wear in the centre of the tread, an area important for protecting the tyre against impact damage.

2. Always carry a spare. It is not a legal requirement but you'll be thankful you have one when a tyre gets a puncture in a remote location. If using a compact spare tyre remember not to exceed 50 mph and replace it at the earliest opportunity.

3. Check the car tyres for any unusual bulges or lumps as these are often a sign of internal damage. Inspect the tread and sidewall rubber for any signs of cracking as this can cause a tyre blow-out.

4. Keep the tyre valves clean and always remember to replace the dust cap.

5. Avoid driving over of potholes in the road. The extra flexing of the rubber will hasten the tyres deterioration.

6. Remove any stones and other objects embedded in a car tyre's tread. If you find a nail do not remove it as the tyre will rapidly deflate. Instead take the tyre to a specialist who may be able to repair the puncture.

7. Keep the car in a garage if possible. Weather exposure causes crazing and cracking on the car tyres of vehicles kept outside.

8. Take care when using a pressure washer as it can cause damage to a tyre's sidewall. Only use at a safe distance.

9. Try to replace all four tyres at the same time. If this is not possible replace either the two front or the two back tyres together. It will prevent uneven wear which can affect the vehicle's handling.

10. Consult a car tyre specialis, like Merityre, before replacing a tyre. They will advise on the right choice of tyre according to your car's make, your budget and your driving circumstances.

For more advice, contact Merityre

Five Important Visual Checks When Buying a Second Hand Car

2009-03-20T03:29:00.000-07:00

1. Correct Tyre Pressure Regularly check your car tyres are not under or over inflated. Under inflation causes greater flexing of the rubber, increasing the operating temperature and reducing the tyre's lifespan. The wear on the edge or shoulder of the tyre is increased and damage can be caused to the vehicle's suspension when driving over a pothole. Under inflation also results in poor fuel economy. Increased rolling resistance makes a car engine work harder and uses more fuel. Over inflation is equally bad by increasing the wear in the centre of a car tyre's tread; an area important for protecting the tyre against impact damage. To find the recommended tyre pressure check the owner's manual or look for a plaque on the inside of the fuel flap.

2. Balance and Alignment Whenever your car tyres are repaired or replaced make sure they are correctly balanced when remounted on your car. If not this will cause vibrations, increasing tyre wear, damaging suspension and leading to driver fatigue. Correct alignment is necessary to have the steering, suspension, wheel components and car tyres all working in harmony to achieve the optimum performance from your vehicle. It doesn't cost much for your local garage or car tyre specialist to check the vehicle's balance or alignment. Without it the resulting cost of repair will be far greater.

3. Inspection A visual inspection once a month does not take long and is important to maintain your car tyres in a safe condition. Check the tread depth. Most tyres have a tread wear indicator built into them. Look for a horizontal bar of rubber located between the tread patterns, at a depth of 2mm. When the height of the tread wears down to the height of this bar it is time to replace your car tyres. Check the car tyres for any unusual bulges or lumps as these are often a sign of internal damage. Inspect the tread and sidewall rubber for any signs of cracking. If found change the tyre as soon as possible as cracking can cause a blow-out. Remove any stones and other objects stuck in a car tyre's tread. If a nail is found embedded in the rubber, do not remove as the tyre will rapidly deflate. Instead take the tyre to a specialist who may be able to repair the puncture.

4. Repairs Don't risk driving on a car tyre that is losing pressure. Take it to a specialist who will give the tyre a complete inspection and make the decision whether it can be repaired or replaced. Driving on a flat tyre for even a short distance will damage it beyond repair. Never try repairing a car tyre yourself. This should be handled by a trained professional.

5. Tyre Rotation The weight of a vehicle is not evenly distributed on all of the car tyres. By regularly rotating the tyres their lifespan is extended and uneven car tyre wear is avoided. Get an instant online tyre quote now or contact your nearest fitting centre to see how much you can save with Merityre car tyres specialist!

Five Tips to Keep your Car Tyres in Good Condition

2009-03-20T03:11:00.000-07:00

TÜV Sud Shows Michelin Energy Saver as Lowest Cost

2008-07-24T07:40:00.000-07:00

Independent testing organisation TÜV Sud has shown that Michelin's Energy Saver tyres lend motorists considerable savings over competitors' brands. The Energy Saver proved to have a considerable advantage over rivals in a direct comparison in terms of longevity and fuel consumption; on average, the tyre cost £8.12 less per 1,000 miles in the 205/55R16V size category, and £5.58 less in the 195/65R15H section.

The tests involved running the tyres on identical cars for more than 14,000kms. To ensure fairness, the tyres and drivers were rotated on the vehicles, discounting the role played by these different variables. Earlier results from TÜV Sud tests had shown the tyre to be among the best in terms of wet braking performance, in addition to their money-saving properties.

The head of Michelin car marketing, Thierry Rudloff released this statement following the latest good news for the company from the testing track: "Michelin tyres have always been known in the industry for their long life and low rolling resistance but these test results show the tangible benefits available to motorists in terms of the money that can be saved."

"At a time when people are finding things tough financially, with mortgage and fuel costs rising, fitting a set of Energy Saver tyres can reduce their outgoings and reduce the emission of harmful greenhouse gasses into the environment at the same time."

For more information on car tyres visit Merityre
http://www.merityre.co.uk

It pays to buy quality fuel saving tyres

2008-06-09T08:42:00.000-07:00

As fuel prices started to rise and the environment became even more of an issue, several leading brand tyre manufacturers developed fuel saving tyres. Their aim was to produce a tyre which, whilst costing at the outset more than an equivalent economy tyre, saved sufficient fuel through lower rolling resistance over the life of the tyre to provide costs savings which more than compensated for the initial extra cost of the premium fuel saving tyre.

Their calculations were based upon fuel costs at around £1.07 per litre. At this level it was worth buying the more expensive fuel saving tyre because at the “high fuel price” of £1.07 per litre, you actually save money over the life of the tyre.

Example, averaging 3 popular sizes of tyre:

Michelin Energy Saver saved 0.2litres per 100 km.
Average Michelin tyre life (front and rear) = 28,000 (45,000km) = £96.30 saving, the equivalent of one free tyre out of 4 purchased.

Based on a cost of fuel of £1.07 per litre.
Now, of course, fuel is £1.18 to £1.33 per litre and is very likely to increase further.

It really is a no-brainer at these fuel prices – the Michelin Energy Saver and the Continental Eco 3 tyres will save you money.

It really does pay to buy quality fuel saving tyres these days.

Buy Tyres

http://www.merityre.co.uk

Ever wonder how Merityre disposes of your old tyre?

2008-03-27T05:14:00.000-07:00

As the Merityre fitter rolls away your old tyre and replaces it with a gleaming new one, do you ever wonder how Merityre disposes of your old tyre? Landfill? No that would be illegal! The European 2006 Landfill Directive prohibits the disposal of whole and shredded tyres in landfill sites. Tyre retailers, garages and vehicle dismantlers amass an estimated waste of 40 million tyres year. An impressive number! You will be intrigued to know the where they all go!

Re-use, the most straightforward option, is the retread market that accounts for about 12% or 5 million tyres a year. There are limitations however, as a tyre can only have a retread once in its life. With cheap tyre imports, this sector is in a declining market. Tyres are also re-cycled in a variety of other ways from stationery to flood defences. How many ‘I used to be a Car Tyre’ notebooks did Santa deliver last Christmas? One of the most innovative uses of car tyres is the flood defence embankment on the river Witham in Lincolnshire. If this project proves to be successful we could see similar flood defences throughout the country to help alleviate our rising flood problems.

After re-use, the reprocessing of tyres accounts for about 40 million tyre units a year. This sector can be broadly split into materials recovery, (such as crumb tyres in carpet underlay or road surfaces), energy recovery and landfill engineering. The technology behind energy recovery is an emerging market, as tyres could replace up to 25% of coal in the cement kiln industry.

With so many options why are tyres subject to fly-tipping? Fly-tipping is not a new phenomenon and can take a number of forms from the single tyre found on the roadside to the large scale trailer load dumping, either way a huge cost to local authorities. Did you know that tyre retailers have to pay over £1 for each and every used tyre that is removed – last year alone Merityre ensured the safe environmental disposal of over 200,000 tyres.

Responsibility for tackling this problem rests not only on the tyre industry but also on the individual.

The next time you need a tyre be sure to visit Merityre, an environmentally responsible company proud to support the 'Responsible Recycler' logo.

Buying tyres online? A few points to consider before you buy.

2008-01-19T06:34:00.000-08:00

The tyres industry has seen major changes over the past few years with an increasing number of companies selling tyres online. For many customers this provides a convenient way to buy tyres as it gives them the time and flexibility to browse for the best online tyre deals. So whether they are looking for an economy tyre or a performance tyre they can view the best price from each online dealer immediately without having to enter into the bartering 'price promise' routine that is now common place in fitting centres across the UK.

Merityre were one of the early pioneers of online tyre sales having traded tyres online for several years, publishing competitive prices and useful information to help customers choose the right tyres for their vehicle. In 2006 however, Merityre decided to join the other leading members of the ITR (Independent Tyre Retailers) to create www.BestBuyTyres.co.uk to ensure that customers could buy their tyres online at the most competitive prices with the peace-of-mind that all members of the ITR throughout the UK have specialist workshops and highly skilled professionals fitting the tyres from stock.

Unfortunately this is not the case for some of the other online tyre retailers as they do not have their own dedicated tyre fitting centres and therefore often only have the agreement of a limited number of tyre fitting centres who are prepared to fit tyres that have been provided by the online reseller rather than tyres from their own stock. This means that customers will often have to travel several miles to get their tyres fitted, passing several local ITR tyre fitting centres on their way in order to save a few pounds on the overall cost of a single tyre. So are they really saving anything when fuel prices are at an all time high - when they account for their time and fuel costs travelling the extra distance?

Motorists should therefore consider these points when considering buying their tyres online: -

1 - Calculate whether you are you really saving anything buying your tyres online by taking into account any possible inconvenience caused by the extra distance you may have to travel

2 - Make sure that you are familiar with the fitting centre that will be fitting your tyres (and find out whether they have the necessary equipment and technology to ensure that your tyre is fitted safely)

3 - Find out if the tyre you purchase online will be fitted from stock or whether the tyre is simply sent through to the fitting centre from the online reseller

My advice to customers is to support your local fitting centre and contribute to your own community (e.g. local jobs will depend on local business from local people to survive). So by supporting your local fitting centre, you'll soon find that your local fitting centre will support you too, and when you want your tyres checking, or you have any problems with your car, you will be able to pop in and feel comfortable talking to the mechanics and fitters, who will be local people who will be happy to help you. If you feel more comfortable buying your tyres online then buy your tyres from www.BestBuyTyres.co.uk and choose your local fitting centre to fit your tyre to ensure that you get the best deal whilst supporting your local dealer.

Well, I'm off to my local Merityre fitting centre now, as I think, (but I'm not sure), that I may have a slow puncture and I have no idea how to check whether this is the case (or did some little blighter let my tyre down overnight?). I'm also not sure whether it can be repaired or whether I need to buy a new tyre - and then which tyre should I buy for my car? Should I buy the tyres recommended by the manufacturer or should I buy an alternative economy tyre? ..I'm sure they can help me make sense of it all...

For further information on Merityre's local fitting centres visit www.merityre.co.uk

CF

Tyres Online

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