Friday, 15 July 2011
Car Tyres In Law: Your Legal Obligations
Driving on worn or damaged tyres can attract a fine (or an MOT failure) and it can also place you firmly in breach of your car insurance policy's conditions. Both these events matter but something else you may be doing is of far greater importance. Never forget that using tyres that are of the wrong type, are damaged or are worn endangers lives.
Important Points
What makes a car tyre poor? Several aspects can put a tyre in this category but there are important factors you need to consider…
Car tyres must not have any lumps, bumps or tears caused by separation or partial structural failure.
They must not have a cut or tear longer than 25 millimetres, or longer than 10 per cent of the width of the tyre's section (whichever is the greater). No such damage may be sufficiently deep as to reach the tyre's internal cords.
No part of the tyre's internal plies or cords may be exposed.
Any tyre must be compatible with the type of tyres fitted to the other wheels
Any tyre, on a car or trailer, must be fit for purpose and free from any defect that might endanger any person or damage the road.
Legal Tyre Maintenance
All car tyres have to be correctly inflated, to the car maker's and tyre manufacturer's recommendations. It is acknowledged that under certain circumstances, 'run-flat' tyres may be used in an uninflated or partially inflated state.
How Much Tread?
The legal minimum tread depth requirement for a car tyre is, 'at least 1.6mm throughout a continuous band in the centre 3/4 of the tread and around the entire circumference.' This tread depth must not fall below the legal minimum and the original tread pattern must be visible.
Must I Carry a Spare?
In law, you aren't obliged to carry a spare tyre and nor need one meet legal requirements when it is stored in or under the car. However, if a spare tyre is used, it must comply with all the above legal requirements.
The Penalties
Now for the bottom line. What will illegal tyres cost you? Read on, carefully…
If you use a vehicle with one or more defective or illegal tyres, a police officer can issue a Fixed Penalty Notice (a Conditional Offer Notice in Scotland).
At his or her discretion, a police officer may decide not to issue a Fixed Penalty Notice but may report the case for prosecution.
Both the car's driver and its owner (if he or she is not the same person) are liable. One or both may be issued a summons.
A court can impose fines up to a maximum of £2,500, and three penalty points. This relates to a car; the financial penalty for a goods vehicle or for one built or modified to carry more than eight passengers can be double this amount.
If a car has more than one defective tyre, a summons can be issued for each illegal tyre.
Under certain circumstances, disqualification becomes possible.
Sobering reading? Certainly, but this is probably less punitive than the physical costs of a car accident caused by an illegal tyre.
Article Resource
Merityre.co.uk are one of the leading UK independent suppliers of car tyres. Why not visit their website for an online tyre quote or contact your nearest fitting centre.
Tuesday, 14 June 2011
It's Quicker By Tube: Car Exhaust System Pointers
Sadly, the notion of the everlasting car exhaust is a mere pipedream. Looking at what a car exhaust has to put up with on a daily basis soon tells us why. Have you ever seen the flames belching from a top fuel dragster with open exhausts? Your car would do the same if it had nothing but open pipes. So from a cold start, a car exhaust system has to cope with temperatures up to about 1400 degrees Fahrenheit (760 degrees Centigrade) at full load. This happens at the exhaust manifold, under the bonnet but the increasing requirement to run engines with a weak (or lean) fuel mixture leads to an increase in car exhaust temperature. For example, if the car has a turbocharger, this can be required to run at 1050 degrees Centigrade (1922 degrees Fahrenheit). Just to give you an idea what this means, 49 degrees Centigrade will burn your skin; your blood would boil at 101 degrees.
Heat isn't all that a car exhaust has to handle repeatedly. The materials that pass through an exhaust system include nitromethane, nitric acid vapour, hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide, particulate matter (i.e. soot and smoke), and volatile organic compounds. Many of these elements are corrosive and the presence of water as a by-product of burning petrol in the engine doesn't make life any easier for the metal of the car exhaust.
So, your car exhaust has to cope with a lot. Is this all? In a word, no. Apart from the heating and cooling cycles and the toxic contents it must deal with, a car exhaust has to cope with mechanical stresses and strains on every journey. A car exhaust is a weighty structure that, at one end, has to deal with an engine that moves about on its flexible mountings. At the other end, the exhaust has to remain fairly still, especially when its tail pipes exit through the car's rear panel. Then there are the demands of speed bumps, potholes and the like. The car exhaust, suspended on flexible mountings over its whole length, has to remain intact under what can be enormous transmitted forces.
The above, which is not overly detailed, constitutes a tall order by anybody's standards. In many respects, it is remarkable that a car exhaust will last for any length of time in the face of the demands placed on it every day. The encouraging news is that a car exhaust can usually be replaced quite quickly, at a good exhaust fitting centre.
Unsurprisingly, you can't do a great deal to give your car exhaust an easier life. You can try to ensure any journey you make is long enough to make the car exhaust hot, which will burn out damaging internal water. You can give the exhaust system a rinse when washing the car, to get rid of corrosive salt. Above all, listen to your exhaust, it'll soon let you know when it's past its use by date. Finally, remember that the 'cat' – the catalytic converter – will need replacing at least once during your car's lifespan.
Article Resource
Merityre.co.uk are one of the leading UK independent suppliers of car tyres. Why not visit their website for an online tyre quote or contact your nearest fitting centre.
Wednesday, 8 June 2011
Car Tyre Tips From Drive & Survive
Simon recommends regularly checking your car tyres, not least because the portion of each that is keeping you on the road is only the size of a footprint. Even though a car has four contact patches of this size available for use, it is important to be certain that the tyres are working optimally.
An under inflated tyre, Simon points out, will wear far more quickly than one at the correct pressure. Industry experts claim that a 20 percent reduction in pressure can rob a car tyre of up to 30 percent of its useable life. Moreover, ensuring that your tyres are inflated according to the recommendations in the car's handbook can reduce fuel consumption by up to five percent, as compared to the cost in fuel of under inflation.
Simon Elstow also says, “Check tyre pressures when the tyres are cold, at least once a month – and weekly is far better. And don’t be tempted to over-inflate them. This causes poor vehicle handling, reduced stability during braking and cornering, and reduced grip.”
IAM Drive & Survive also recommends checking your car tyres for evidence of wear and damage. Picking up a nail while driving doesn't necessarily mean the tyre is fit only for the scrapheap. Often, a puncture of this kind can be professionally repaired. However, damage caused to a car tyre's sidewalls or its carcass is often a death sentence for the tyre. This is reason enough to drive carefully, avoiding potholes and kerbs. It is also a good reason for carefully inspecting your car tyres. Cuts, lumps and bulges can be a dead giveaway of further, hidden damage. It's better to find out about such damage at pressure-checking time with the car at rest, than it is to suffer tyre failure at speed on a motorway.
The 'tyre-kickers' of this world are best advised to be accurate when checking tyre pressures. Why, for example, do the tyres need to be checked when cold? Because tyre pressure increases with temperature so if the tyres are warm, the pressure readings will be falsely high. So when the tyres cool down, they wind up under inflated.
Is the tyre pressure gauge at your favourite garage accurate? Generally, garage gauges are accurate but it pays to invest in your own gauge too. Why? Because under inflated tyres aren't always easy to spot, unless the pressure in them is way too low. The two minutes it takes to check tyre pressures at home can tell if you'll need to put coins in the garage's tyre machine. What's more, with your own pressure gauge, there's no longer the need to wonder if that at the garage is accurate. Just check it against your trusted pressure gauge.
Article Resource
Merityre.co.uk are one of the leading UK independent suppliers of car tyres. Why not visit their website for an online tyre quote or contact your nearest fitting centre.
Wednesday, 2 February 2011
Ten Car Tyre Tips
1. Check your car tyre pressures regularly. Running tyres at too low or too high pressure causes wear and speeds the deterioration of your tyres. Moreover, too low a tyre pressure means you will use more fuel; economy can improve by 10 percent when the tyre pressures are correct.
2. Regularly check your car tyres for cuts, bulges or lumps. While the former is obvious, visible damage, the latter can indicate unseen damage within the tyre carcasses. Having a specialist check out any suspect tyres makes far more sense than risking a blowout.
3. Unless you have one of the modern onboard repair kits with a pump, always carry your spare wheel. Remember that there are limits to the speed at which space saver spare tyres can be used, and the distance they can cover.
4. Potholes are car tyre killers, they can damage not only your tyres but even your wheels. You inadvertently strike a pothole and suspect damage has occurred, check the relevant wheel and tyre as soon as you possibly can.
5. If, when checking out tyres, you find a sharp stone embedded in a tread, remove it before it does any damage. However, if you spot a nail, leave it there as pulling it out will cause the tyre to deflate. A car tyre specialist will deal with it for you and may be able to repair the tyre.
6. When checking tyre pressures, remember to replace the valves' dust caps. These prevent dirt and debris from entering the valves and can help maintain tyre pressure.
7. If possible, keep your car in a garage. Car tyres are tough but exposure to all weathers can accelerate their deterioration. Sunlight damage is common; the ultra violet component in the sun's rays can cause cracking and crazing.
8. When negotiating speed bumps, never straddle them. Allowing the wheels on one side of the car to pass over the bumps is no faster but it will keep your suspension and steering happier. When you encounter a speed pad running across the entire width of the road, go over it slowly.
9. When the time to replace car tyres comes, it's best to replace all four. Should this not be affordable, you must replace two of the tyres. Having the new tyres on the back wheels is regarded as the safest.
10. Car tyre specialists don't just sell and fit tyres. A good specialist will be happy to advise you on the best choice of tyres for your car and for the use to which you put it.
Following these simple tips means you tyres will reward you with good performance and a long service life. Conversely, ignoring your tyres can lead to unfortunate and possibly dangerous circumstances.
Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.
Wednesday, 29 December 2010
Stop and Swap: Changing A Flat Tyre In Five Steps
Changing a car wheel with a flat tyre is a relatively easy task that can be done safely, provided you follow the rules. Here’s how it can be done in five basic steps, with a few tips to maintain safe progress and make life easier.
1: Stop in a safe place, with a smooth, firm surface
Never, ever try to change a car tyre and wheel on the hard shoulder, it’s better to drive on slowly and risk ruining the tyre. Switch on the car’s hazard lights and have any passengers stand well back and away from passing traffic. Extract the spare wheel and tools from the boot, using the warning triangle if there is one. Switch on the car’s hazard warning lights.
2: Loosen the wheel nuts/bolts
Put the handbrake on, putting the car in ‘park’ if it’s automatic. Remove the relevant wheel trim or the wheel nut/bolt caps, if present. You’ll need the special ‘key’ nut to remove a locking wheel fastening. Next, loosen the wheel nuts/bolts. These usually undo anticlockwise and you should always be pushing down on the wheel wrench, not pulling upwards.
3: Jack the car up
Put a chock under the wheel diagonally opposite to the one with the flat tyre. Place the car jack under the jacking point nearest the loosened wheel – never try to use the jack anywhere else. Wind or pump up the jack until there’s enough clearance under the wheel to allow for the replacement fully inflated tyre to fit. Don’t allow any part of you get between the car and the ground.
4: Change the wheel
Turn the wheel until one of the fastenings is at the top. Remove the other three (or four) nuts/bolts first. Then unscrew the topmost fastening. Lift the wheel off, keeping your back straight and taking care not to slip. Fit the spare wheel, aligning the fastenings. Replace the topmost nut/bolt first, followed by the remaining ones. Tighten the fastenings until the wheel is fully seated on the hub.
5: Tighten the wheel nuts/bolts
Let the jack down completely and set it aside. You can now tighten the wheel fastenings firmly, working in a diagonal pattern.
You can no go on your way but there is one more step, for which you’ll need to go to a car tyre bay. Car wheel fastenings should be tightened properly and a tyre bay will use a special wrench to do this. While at the tyre bay, it makes sense to have the flat tyre repaired or replaced as necessary.
It’s also worth making some preparations before you experience a puncture; these can make life much easier. Changing a wheel is a grimy job so carrying some industrial gloves and a mat or piece of carpet in the car can make life much more pleasant. You may also want to familiarise yourself with the wheel changing equipment. Is it accessible? Is it all there? Is the jack there? Does it need lubricating? Better to find out before the event.
Finally, have you got a space saver spare? These usually have limitations concerning speed and distance. Also, space savers can cause dashboard warning lamps to come on, because they confuse the car’s sensors. Your handbook will warn you if this is going to happen.
Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.
Tuesday, 21 December 2010
Fascinating Facts About Car Tyres
Car tyres. We tend to take them for granted and, though they aren’t fit and forget items, we tend not to invest too much time in looking after them. Provided we regularly check their pressure and physical state, car tyres generally get on with their job, quietly and efficiently. However, the following facts might open your eyes, about car tyres in general and about particular aspects concerning them.
Imagine fifty-five pence. That shiny heptagonal coin and its small circular counterpart are capital. However, the idea that you are throwing this much away with every gallon of fuel you use is a less than capital idea. Yet, running your car tyres at less than the recommended pressure can cost you 10 percent in terms of fuel economy. As under inflated tyres are harder to move along the road; they give the engine more work to do and this means more fuel is burned.
The law is an ass, said Mr. Bumble, in Charles Dickens’ ‘Oliver Twist’. He wasn’t talking about car tyres but the principle nevertheless applies. The law says that your car tyres must have no less than 1.6 millimetres of tread. Legal? Yes. Sensible? That’s arguable. A mere 1.6 millimetres of tread is generally accepted as cutting things fine. Tyre manufacturers mould two millimetre-deep tread wear indicators into tyres, with good reason. It’s arguably better to comply with the spirit of the law here rather than the letter, as the consequences of an uncontrollable skid in wet conditions cost a great deal more than new tyres.
What makes car tyres grip the road? The different types of tyre – all weather, winter, mud and snow, all terrain and performance – share common elements. The hardness or otherwise of the rubber in them and the tread pattern they have make a major difference in terms of grip, tyre life, on-road behaviour and longevity. In general though, it is the hardness (or softness) of the tyres’ compound and the water-clearing abilities of the tread that make the most difference to the level of grip given.
There’s nothing better than a new set of car tyres, is there? Some have found out to their cost that brand new tyres aren’t necessarily as grippy as their predecessors. The good news is that this relatively lessened grip doesn’t last long. If car tyres weren’t coated in an anti-stick compound during manufacture, they’d never leave the mould. This coating has to wear away before full grip is achieved. So run your new tyres in, driving more carefully for the first 500 miles or so. This is particularly important in wet conditions.
More than 40 million car tyres. That’s a lot of rubber but it is the number of tyres that are disposed of every year. Following EU directives means that comparatively few tyres go into landfill these days. Some are treated to new treads, minced tyres become carpet underlay and some wind up as part of new road surfaces. Plans are in progress to recover energy from old car tyres; they could replace coal in some industries.
Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.
Thursday, 2 December 2010
Beating Winter: Car Tyre Tactics For Bad Weather
It’s that time of year again. The days are short, the nights are long, precipitation is up and the mercury’s dropping. Your car’s tyres may be nearly new but there are limits to what they can do. So here are a few tips to help preserve life and limb even in the worst conditions.
There are no such things as magic tyres, despite some people’s believing that their car tyres have prestidigitatory properties. In fog, for example, your tyres won’t stop you instantly, just because you haven’t seen the line of cars up ahead in time. Equally, your tyres can’t suddenly give you enhanced grip because you need to swerve around a similar obstacle. Drive only as fast as you can see.
Rain is another condition that requires caution. Standing water in particular can be extremely dangerous. Car tyres can dispose of surprisingly large amounts of surface water. However, when there’s too much to shift, they ride on the water surface instead. This is aquaplaning; in short, it equals no grip. Drive only as fast as your tyres will allow.
Floods are an altogether different matter. Hitting a large body of water standing a third of the way across a road at speed might give you vicious steering pull but you’ll get through if you allow for this. In deep water, your car tyres will cope admirably but your car might not. Many cars nowadays have a low-mounted air intake. If this inhales water, the engine will be wrecked. Don’t enter floodwater unless you’re certain of its depth. Keep to the crown of the road where the water will be shallowest. Keep the engine revving, to prevent water entering the exhaust and drive slowly – you have a car, not a boat. If in any doubt at all, find another route.
Snow and ice and car tyres don’t always mix. Winter tyres are a boon and it’s worth considering acquiring a set, especially if you live somewhere that experiences these conditions regularly. The usual, all-round car tyres can’t get a grip on ice and snow, even if they’re gracing a 4X4. When conditions are really bad, you may need to consider some additional hardware. ‘Snow socks’ are a new idea. These tough, woven tyre covers are easy to fit, quiet and grippy. However, they don’t last long on tarmac. The alternative is snow chains; not so easy to fit but far tougher, if noisy.
Above all, winter driving requires caution. Grip is always compromised to some extent and if you try to drive normally, losing control becomes a very real possibility. Remember also that your vision is likely to be compromised as well. Remove snow or ice from your car’s glass before moving an inch and always think about stopping distances. Modern electronic aids, such as traction control and anti-lock braking systems help but they’re no more magic than car tyres are. Should the worst come to the worst, and vision and grip both come under the general heading of appalling, you don’t have a choice. Stay at home!
Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.