Monday, 22 March 2010

Replacing Runflats With Conventional Tyres

We are receiving a number of queries from tyre dealers concerning customers who want to replace the runflat tyres fitted on their vehicles as original equipment with conventional tyres

Some people, it seems, do not like runflats, for a number of reasons; one of which is the higher price of runflats when they have to be replaced. Another reason is that the availability of runflat tyres could best be described as patchy and, when one has to be replaced, if the tyre dealer cannot supply one straight away then the motorist is stuck.

The situation is exacerbated by the confusion – in the tyre trade and among the general public – about whether or not runflat tyres that have suffered a puncture can be repaired. Take BMW, many of whose vehicles are fitted with runflats as OE, who recommends that punctured runflats are not repaired "as additional forces and wear have been incurred within the tyre whilst being driven deflated". The motorist may feel aggrieved that his runflat tyre not only costs more than conventional rubber, but also that the tyre dealer refuses to repair it, whereas if it were a conventional tyre, then it could be repaired.

However, by far the most common reason for replacing runflats with conventional tyres is not down to economics, but is the perceived quality of the ride – take a look at any online message board and, when it comes to runflats and comfort, hardly anyone has a good word to say about them.

The sidewall is stiffer on runflat tyres and, where these are fitted as OE, it forms part of the suspension, giving a harder ride, according to runflat critics. Of course, much depends on the driving style, but a typical message board comment is along the lines of "I couldn't believe the ride improvement when I got rid of the runflats". One suggestion is that fitting a non-runflat when the suspension had been set up for runflats makes the ride "wallowy" which contrasts with the original hard ride.

Whatever the reason for changing to conventional tyres, it is interesting that some motorists are willing to forgo the undoubted safety advantages of runflats. Also, as more and more cars are fitted with runflats as OE, presumably there will be more motorists wanting to switch.

For those who do decide to switch, what happens should they suffer a puncture? The tyre pressure monitoring systems – which are mandatory with runflats – will work equally well with conventional tyres, so a slow leak can be checked in time, but what if there is a sudden blowout? This is another question frequently asked on the message boards and the answers given are "carry a spare in the boot" (presumably given that there is room) or "carry a can of sealant".

INDUSTRY THOUGHTS

So much for why people want to change over from runflats, but what do the various sectors of the tyre industry, vehicle manufacturers and insurers have to say on the subject?

Back in 2005, the British Tyre Manufacturers' Association issued a statement concerning self-supporting runflat tyres (SSTs). On the subject of retro-fitting conventional tyres to SST-equipped cars, it points out that this "would remove the runflat capability, potentially leaving the driver immobile in a case of deflation and could compromise vehicle handling. It is therefore recommended to consult with the vehicle manufacturer or tyre manufacturer before replacing SSTs with conventional tyres."

Tyre manufacturers' websites have little to say about replacing runflats with conventional tyres. Most recommend replacing runflats with runflats and not mixing different runflat brands. One thing they all agree on is that runflat and conventional tyres should never be mixed on a vehicle.

Regarding the criticism of ride comfort, no doubt tyre manufacturers would argue that, in the early days of runflats, this may have been the case, but would point to the improvements in construction and materials since then, making the latest generation of runflats the most comfortable yet.

It should be remembered that the growing use of runflat tyres is because they are popular with vehicle manufacturers, not because the tyre industry wanted them. The BTMA statement suggested contacting the vehicle manufacturer, so we approached BMW, as an enthusiastic supporter of runflats, for their thoughts on changing to conventional tyres.

Their statement began by listing the reasons that they chose to utilise runflat technology in the first place, which primarily focused on driver and passenger safety and comfort. The statement went on:

"All of our vehicles that use runflat technology have their suspension and braking components set up to accommodate runflat tyres. Should you decide to change to non-runflats, it may alter the driving and handling characteristics of your vehicle. It is for this reason that this modification is not recommended by BMW as a manufacturer.

"However, it is possible to have standard tyres fitted. You will additionally need to purchase either a spare wheel with jack and brace set or a mobility kit, which can be ordered from the parts department of your nearest BMW Approved Dealership.

The illustration above shows a normal tyre deflated and on the left a run-flat tyre deflated clearly showing the additional sidewall support from the run-flat.

"Converting a vehicle from runflat tyres to conventional tyres will not invalidate its warranty, although this could give rise to a warranty claim being rejected where the fitment of conventional tyres is found to be directly attributable to the occurrence of any fault or defect."

So that's it – it can be done, but BMW doesn't recommend it.

TyreSafe statement

What about TyreSafe, the UK tyre safety group – where do they stand on this issue? We contacted them and, a few days later, a statement was released. In it, TyreSafe warns motorists that they could be compromising their own safety if they replace the run-flat tyres fitted to their vehicle with standard tyres that do not include run-flat technology.
The statement goes on: "With many motorists looking to reduce their vehicle maintenance costs, some have been tempted to economise by selecting tyres which do not incorporate the added technology and features found in run-flat tyres. By choosing these standard tyres, drivers risk significantly changing the handling characteristics of the vehicle which could increase their chances of being involved in an accident.

Stuart Jackson, Chairman, TyreSafe says "As a general rule, we would always recommend that drivers only replace run-flat tyres with a similar product. Run-flats have much stiffer sidewalls than those in traditional tyres and this is taken into account by vehicle manufacturers when they design their suspension and steering systems. By switching to tyres that do not use run-flat technology, the handling of the car can be dramatically altered and it may become unsafe, particularly during extreme manoeuvres."

In addition to the performance changes which may occur as a result of switching to non run-flat tyres, drivers can also cause themselves other problems. Run-flat tyres give drivers the ability to continue their journey for a limited time when they have no pressure in the tyre. Standard tyres cannot do this and must be changed as soon as there is a sudden loss of pressure.

SAFETY AND INSURANCE

The most powerful argument against getting rid of runflats is the safety angle. While punctures at high speeds are relatively uncommon, the results can be devastating without runflat capability. However, this is not the only safety factor, as, back in October 2006, Auto Express carried out a tyre test comparing runflats and standard tyres against each other on a wet and dry track.

A sentence in the report said that “fitting the wrong tyres to your vehicle could also invalidate your insurance”. Is this, in fact, the case? We contacted insurance giant Aviva and asked whether swapping from runflat to conventional tyres would affect a motorist’s cover.

The answer was unequivocal, with the Aviva spokesperson saying: “I can confirm that there would be no issue with a motor insurance policy purchased directly with us if a car was changed from runflat tyres to conventional tyres, with the only stipulation being that the tyre was road legal. We would only advise the client to call us so that this was noted, but there would be no additional terms imposed.”

We tried to obtain an industry-wide comment, but without success and the sensible course of action would be to check with your insurer before changing over tyres, to be on the safe side.

WHAT ABOUT RETRO-FITTING RUNFLATS?

In addition to replacing runflats with standard tyres, some NTDA members have been approached with requests to retro-fit runflats to cars that normally carry conventional tyres.

There is little information on this subject, but one thing for sure is that some sort of tyre pressure monitoring system will be needed. As you might imagine, the Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents (RoSPA) seems to be a fan of runflat technology and it has the following to say about retro-fitting runflats:

"You should seek expert advice from your vehicle manufacturer before retro-fitting a runflat tyre if your vehicle has TPMS. As the tyre is more rigid, vehicles that have them as standard may require softer suspensions to compensate for the lost ride comfort. Guidance should also be sought from the tyre manufacturer."

Tuesday, 9 March 2010

Star Cars - Silver Screen Objects Of Desire, On Tyres

Who makes a movie? Usually, it’s a joint effort. In some films, however, it isn’t only the actors, director, crew and backroom staff that make the result memorable. It’s a car or cars and here are some we all know and love…

Roald Dahl and Ken Hughes scripted the 1968 film ‘Chitty Chitty Bang Bang’. Dick Van Dyck and Sally Anne Howes appeared in it but its specially-built star made it come alive. There were in fact six Chittys and not all ran on car tyres. One was the car in its dilapidated state, another appeared in all its rebuilt glory. Of the four others, the ‘hovercraft car’ is probably best remembered. This variation was lightened with aluminium copies of many of the brass parts. When the car had to be filmed suspended from a crane or helicopter during ‘flying’ sequences, its engine was removed to lighten it further.

Could you create a legend in just over seven weeks? In August 1965, US custom car builder George Barris was given a job to do. He had to produce a special car for TV and film work, as fast as possible. Luckily for him, a division of the Ford Motor Company had built a concept car ten years earlier. The Lincoln Futura made an ideal starting point. Barris fitted the 390 cubic inch (6.4 litre) V8-powered car with 15 inch cast alloy wheels, carrying Firestone Wide Oval tyres. Into the recipe went Cumming & Sander impact safety belts, a Moon aluminium gas tank, 2 Deist parachute packs with 10ft. diameter parachutes, and the ‘exhaust turbine’ was made from a five gallon paint can. If you need any further clues, the giveaway lies in the colour scheme. Threequarter inch fluorescent cerise stripes relieved the ‘Velvet Bat-Fuzz Black’ surface finish. Yes, we’ve been looking at the original 1966 Batmobile.

Now for a collection of vehicles, all but one of which set tyres to tarmac in reality. In 1969’s film ‘The Italian Job’, it wasn’t a real Lamborghini Muira that went into a river. It was a bodyshell on a crash-damaged chassis. However, when the film crew returned to pick up the pieces next day, they’d been stolen overnight!

Speaking of car tyres, the production crew got through quite a number with the Italian Job Minis. These were Mk.1 Austin Mini Cooper S cars; in the hands of stunt driving team L’Equipe Remy Julienne, they became legendary.

The film’s two E-Type Jaguars were Series One models, bought for a measly (for the time) £900 apiece. The red convertible registered 848 CRY, however, was restored and survives to this day. Michael Caine’s character’s 1961 Aston Martin DB4 convertible, scooped off its tyres by a digger, really did go down the mountainside - twice. In fact, the first take was unsatisfactory because the car was supposed to burst into flames (it didn’t because the man with the ‘explode button’ had to run for his life as the Aston plummeted towards him.) The ‘Aston Martin’ that we did see destroyed was a Lancia Flaminia 3c Cabriolet, dressed up by an excellent and obliging bodywork firm in Turin.

To close this little trip down memory lane, we can look at what is arguably the world’s most famous coach - ever. The six-wheeler that ended up with its rear tyres clawing at empty air at the close of The Italian Job was a Harrington Legionnaire. Perhaps the notion of reinforcing the cab so that the boarding Mini Coopers didn’t squash the driver was heralded with this: ‘Listen lads, I’ve got a great idea - er - er’.

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

Friday, 26 February 2010

Rising Damp - How To Cope With Downpours And Floods

Here in the UK, 52% of our days are overcast. Rain is a given and it is frequently very heavy. Consequently, we should be used to it and there is no excuse for ignoring it. It is also a fact that even car tyres in prime condition inflated to the recommended pressures can struggle to cope, especially in particularly heavy rain and floods.

In heavy rain, you need two things, grip and visibility. Good wiper blades and a full screenwash bottle are essential. Doubling the distance to the vehicle in front is equally necessary. When the rainfall approaches biblical proportions, you could encounter standing water. Car tyres are designed to offer a grip by clearing water from the area that contacts the road surface. In extreme conditions, they can no longer sweep water away quickly enough. This can lead to a phenomenon called aquaplaning, in which the tyres skim along the surface of the water. Should this happen, you may find out the hard way.

How? Try to brake and very little will happen because the tyres have no grip; the same goes for steering control. A sudden, suspiciously light feel to the steering is an excellent clue to aquaplaning and the ‘cure’ is to gently lift off the accelerator; you will feel the tyres regaining their grip. Nobody who’s experienced it would deny that aquaplaning is frightening. Should it happen, it will quickly educate you into matching your road speed to the prevailing conditions.

Sometimes, rainfall becomes so heavy that the roads’ and their drainage systems can’t cope with it. Here, flooding is not only a risk, it is practically a certainty. The secret of coping with significant flooding is to employ forethought. ‘Look before you leap’ is a long established proverb and in many respects, it applies to flood driving. You shouldn’t attempt to drive into floodwater without knowing how deep it is. Tall 4×4s apart, modern cars have an engine air intake positioned quite low down. The snag is that water, unlike air, is incompressible. Should water enter the engine, the pistons will be stopped dead in their tracks. This will completely wreck the engine.

So, what do you do when you see floods ahead? A simple rule of thumb is that being able to see the road surface means you can see how deep the floodwater is. Assuming you can see the depth of the water, flood driving goes like this.

Drive straddling the white line. Being on the crown of the road puts you where the water is shallowest.

Drive in a low gear, at a slow pace. Creating an impressive bow wave is a very good way to drown your engine but keeping the engine revving will prevent water’s entering the exhaust and causing a stall.

Should the engine come to a dead halt, it’s likely the worst has happened. Depress the clutch immediately and do not attempt to restart the engine. Damage may already have occurred; turning the engine will make it worse.

Should another vehicle be approaching from the opposite direction, make every effort to let it negotiate the floodwater first. This is for two reasons. One, if you both have to move across to let one another pass, you’ll both be in deeper water. Two, if the oncoming vehicle ingests water and dies mid-flood, you’ll be prompted to not try negotiating the flood yourself.

Finally, remember that brake pads can ‘aquaplane’ on wet discs, leaving you without brakes. On leaving the flooded area, apply the brake pedal for a short while, to dry the discs.

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

Wednesday, 10 February 2010

Pre-Loved Pointers: Used Car Buying Tips

‘Caveat emptor’ is Latin. It means ‘Let the buyer beware’ and it makes the perfect maxim for anyone intending to buy a secondhand car. The rules for a successful purchase are simple enough and making a matchless deal is easy if you use these pointers.

1: Check the tyres. Car tyres save your life on a daily basis, simply by doing their job. Tyres with 3 millimetres or less of tread need replacing. Tyres can also be excellent tell tales. If they’re worn unevenly, the car’s suspension, steering or brakes could be at fault. Cracked tyres are generally pensionable and lumps or bulges in tyre carcasses suggest internal damage. Remember to check the spare tyre and bear in mind that tyre failure can be a killer.

2: Check the VIN. The car’s Vehicle Identification Number should match that in the logbook. If it doesn’t or is absent, the car could have been stolen, ‘rung’ or be two half cars welded together.

3: Check the history. This advice counts in two ways. Dealers must offer an HPI check by law. If buying privately, have one carried out yourself. An HPI check is to validate the car’s history and would reveal previous damage, theft, insurance claims, writings off and more.

Service history is equally important. If a main dealer or an approved concern has carried out servicing, the car’s automatically a better prospect.

4: Check the deal. Often, dealers can offer a warranty. The car may have some remaining manufacturer’s warranty and there may be ’sweeteners’, such as included accessories. Be very careful if buying from a private seller. Once the car is yours, you have very little comeback if it proves to be a bad buy.

5: Check the car. Unless professionally executed, accident repairs are easy to spot. Look for poor panel gaps, paint colour and texture mismatches, non-factory additions (e.g. lights) and damaged exterior trim. Take particular note of the car’s extremities: the nose and all four corners. Suspiciously thick, new-looking underseal can hide a lot, as can the boot carpet.

Look under the bonnet, for a clean engine bay with no rust or coolant stains. Dip the oil, which shouldn’t be like black treacle, and look underneath the car for spots of leaked fluid.

6: Check the mileage. The car’s MOT certificates should show a believable progression of mileage figures and the speedometer’s mileage reading should tally. Modern electronic mileometers can be easily tampered with so checking that the speedo screws aren’t butchered doesn’t always reveal a clocked car. That said, plastics and modern trim can wear. If the steering wheel rim and the pedal rubbers are shinier than the bodywork, chances are the car has an intergalactic mileage in reality. A worn, bursting drivers seat, is a dead giveaway, as are badly worn driver’s door mechanisms. Don’t forget that these parts could have been replaced, so if they look too new, be wary.

7: Check the performance. Have a realistically long test drive, using the vehicle as you expect to on a daily basis. Try the brakes, steering, transmission and electrical items. Should something be not as expected, be careful to not fall for the old ‘They all do that’ routine!

8: Remember these three golden rules. Unless the car you’re examining is so rare that there simply isn’t another, you can always find a rival example. Rule two: it’s a buyer’s market at the moment and you can always walk away. Rule three is simpler still: buy with your head, never your heart!

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

Monday, 25 January 2010

Snow Joke: Driving in the Deep Midwinter

Car tyres do a magnificent job. Few would argue with this but there are those who seem to believe that their car’s tyres can perform miracles. Most people who’ve seen the consequences of this belief would argue with it. Now that winter is upon us with a vengeance, knowing what car tyres can and can’t do, particularly on snow and ice, becomes particularly helpful. Here are some basic facts to begin with…

* Car tyres, like many shoe soles, are made of materials that provide grip in most conditions. On snow, car tyres provide much-reduced grip and on ice, can offer practically no grip.

* Treating the road surface, with a mixture of salt and grit, enhances the available grip.

* This enhanced grip is nowhere near that provided by even a wet road surface.

* Should the treated surface re-freeze, the level of grip will decrease radically.

* Loss of grip equals loss of control.

Ok. For those who would argue that their car has anti-lock brakes and traction control, there are further facts. Electronic aids notwithstanding, a car (or a van, truck or whatever) can only obey the laws of physics. ABS, DSC and other driving aids help but like car tyres, they can’t perform miracles.

So, how do we deal with snow and ice? The short answer is very carefully but there are ways of driving in such conditions. Let’s take a look at the most useful…

* When setting off, you can lose traction. A car with furiously spinning wheels won’t be going anywhere except possibly downwards. Be subtle with the controls and in really bad conditions, try setting off in second gear.

* Should your car tyres insist on spinning, you may be able to progress by using wheel spin but only as a last resort. Turn the steering repeatedly from lock to lock and you might, just might, find a little traction.

* In adverse conditions, driving becomes very much a matter of the balance between grip and sliding. This is an immensely delicate balance that’s easily upset. Your fingertips and the seat of your pants give the best feedback about what’s happening at ground level.

* Despite all the theoretical talk, your car can only skid in three ways. In understeer, the front of the car loses grip and runs wide. In oversteer, the rear loses grip and tries to pass you. In a four-wheel slide or skid, all the wheels lose grip. If you’re skidding, you’re going too fast for the conditions.

* If the front wheels skid (understeer), reduce the amount of steering you have applied. In a rear wheel skid (oversteer), steer in the direction the tail of the car has taken. In all cases, four-wheel skid included, lift off the accelerator but avoid hard braking.

*If your ABS cuts in under braking, you may have a limited amount of steering control. Again don’t expect miracles.

* Where traction and grip are radically limited, stopping distances increase vastly. Never, on any account, follow a vehicle too closely and be aware that what’s behind you could have only a minimal chance of stopping. Should a vehicle be following too close, pull in and let it pass.

* Remember that even a treated surface can refreeze. Pay attention to your car’s ice warning and act on it. Black ice can remain in shadowed areas long after sunrise.

Above all, be realistic. Should conditions be dreadful, accept the fact and don’t travel. With the abovementioned driving aids, not to mention seatbelts and airbags, you’re likely to survive an accident. However, surviving the consequent insurance issues and the inconvenience of repairs can be a major hassle.

If in any doubt at all, you need answer one question, the one that posters carried during World War Two: Is your journey really necessary?

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

Thursday, 31 December 2009

For Your Car Tyres’ Sake: Driving Defensively

Driving away from a tyre bay on tyres so new that they still retain their labels can cause mixed feelings. Often, replacing car tyres is carried out to remain safe and legal, which is comforting. Sometimes, a set of replacement tyres must be bought far too early, because the originals went nowhere near fulfilling their expected life, through neglect and/or misuse. This scenario is irritating at best so knowing how to get the most out of your car tyres is valuable.

We all know tyres don’t last for ever but there are mechanical faults, road conditions and driving habits that significantly shorten tyre life. Let’s start at the ground and work upwards.

If a car’s wheels are misaligned, the tyres won’t live long, it’s a simple as that. Having your car’s wheel alignment checked and fixed if necessary isn’t desperately expensive and pays dividends in tyre life, performance and comfort. Under or over-inflated tyres also acquire strange wear patterns and stranger habits on the road – and they wear out sooner. Equally, wheels in need of balancing can compromise comfort, grip and tyre longevity; much the same goes for ineffective shock absorbers.

In many respects, your car tyres’ life is as much in your hands as your life depends on your tyres. Accelerating savagely, braking spectacularly and cornering to the squeal of tortured rubber may seem thrilling but such practices shred your treads depressingly quickly. You can’t, in general, choose the kinds of roads you travel upon but there are known tyre killers that you’ll certainly encounter. Dealing with these in the correct way can enhance your tyres’ life, your car’s life and your comfort. Whether you call them speed bumps, sleeping policeman or traffic calming measures, the potential outcome is the same.

The first rule is to never straddle a speed bump; doing so can knock your car’s suspension out of alignment. Doing so repeatedly can damage your car’s springs and suspension too. If you cross speed bumps with either the left or right wheels, your car will suffer less. Similarly, if you take a gung-ho approach to speed bumps and speed pads, you’ll pay in the long run. This even affects big, tough 4×4 vehicles so don’t be misled. Slow down, as the bumps necessarily dictate.

Kerbs are not so far removed from speed bumps, either in terms of their location or the damage they can do. Look in any busy town centre and it won’t be long before you see someone allowing their car’s wheels to mount a kerb or two. It’s an unarguable fact that despite the cushioning effect of the tyres, car wheels always come off worse in a fight with a kerb. This is especially true of alloy wheels, which are relatively soft and easily damaged. This can be verified in the abovementioned busy town centre. You won’t have to look far to find a wheel with a piece taken out of the rim by a kerb, or with an edge raked down to bare metal by the same culprit.

The bottom line here is that looking after your car and its tyres pays dividends, in terms of performance, comfort, longevity - and financially.

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.

Tuesday, 29 December 2009

Be Forearmed: Car and Car Tyre Checks for Winter

“Now is the winter of our discontent”, said Richard III. In fact, he meant that the time of unhappiness was past. However, if you don’t check your car tyres – and your car – before adverse conditions arrive, you could experience a highly discontented winter.

Anyone accustomed to living in ‘this sceptered isle’ (Shakespeare again) will be more than familiar with what we are liable to encounter. Dealing with anything that puts our cars and their tyres under stress isn’t all that difficult so let’s start with tyres.

Any car tyre, but for those with studs fitted, will not grip on sheet ice. However, well-worn tyres won’t grip too brilliantly in snow, slush or even in wet conditions. So first, check your tread depth. This should be a minimum of 1.6 millimetres of tread in a continuous band around three quarters of the tyre. This is only the legal minimum but a tyre that’s down to the wear indicators won’t cope well in winter. You may consider investing in a set of winter tyres but in any case, replacing tyres for the winter is a valid action.

It should go without saying that your car tyres should be at the correct pressure. Checking this is any easy job that should be repeated regularly throughout the winter. It’s also worth running a hand over your tyres’ carcasses to check for bulges, lumps, cuts or the evidence of misalignment. Remember also that you have a spare tyre that you might need in a hurry. Check first that you can dismount it, particularly if it lives beneath the car. In some instances, it’s so long since the spare tyre has seen the light of day that its fastenings under the car have long since corroded into immobility. It’s better to discover this at your leisure than at the roadside in mid-snowstorm or hurricane.

Many people see what’s under a car’s bonnet as fit and forget items. Wrong! Having enough non-freezing windscreen washer fluid is fairly important but if your car’s coolant, oil and hydraulic fluid levels are low, you could be heading for major difficulties, if not disaster. They’re easy enough to check and your car’s handbook will tell you all about which fluids should be used and where they should go. Bear in mind that a poor battery will almost certainly let you down as the temperature drops.

Apart from letting you see where you’re going on a black winter’s night, your car’s lights also announce your presence and intentions to other road users. Ensure that each and every bulb or LED on the car is fully functional; this includes less frequently used lighting like front and rear foglights. Carry a full set of spare bulbs and make sure you have the tools and know-how to fit them, if necessary. As an adjunct to vision, your car’s windscreen wipers are extremely important. Examine them and if any are ragged, loose or ineffective, replace them. Should you find any of these tasks too daunting, remember that your local garage will be happy to carry out your winter checks for you.

Finally, what to carry on a winter journey. What you take along can be tailored to the conditions you might meet. For example, you might need a torch, reflective waistcoat or jacket and a warning triangle, and some extra screen wash fluid for normal journeys. Whether you need boots, gloves, a shovel and a thermos of tea depends on where you’re headed.

Merityre are a leading UK independent supplier of car tyres. Why not visit their website at www.merityre.co.uk and see where you can buy your next set of tyres.